Combustion Instabilities in Gas Turbine Engines: Operational Experience, Fundamental Mechanisms, and Modeling

Part V: Combustion Instability Control

Chapter List

Chapter 17: Passive Control of Combustion Instabilities in Stationary Gas Turbines
Chapter 18: Factors Affecting the Control of Unstable Combustors
Chapter 19: Implementation of Active Control in a Full-Scale Gas-Turbine Combustor

Geo A. Richards [*] and Douglas L. Straub [ ]
U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia
and
Edward H. Robey
[ ]
Parsons Project Services, Morgantown, West Virginia
Copyright 2005 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

Overview

Nomenclature

G

=

transfer function relating relative heat release to relative acoustic pressure (-)

H

=

transfer function relating relative acoustic pressure to relative heat release (-)

L

=

length, m

M

=

Mach number, ?/c (-)

P

=

time-average pressure, Pa

Q

=

time-average heat-release rate, W

R

=

acoustic transfer matrix for a cylindrical element

S

=

acoustic transfer matrix for a step expansion

T

=

gas temperature (K), or the acoustic transfer matrix for a damper

Z

=

acoustic impedance, p/ v, (ms) -1

c

=

speed of sound (m/s)

f

=

frequency, Hz

k

=

stagnation pressure loss coefficient (-)

p

=

complex acoustic pressure, Pa

q'

=

complex amplitude of heat-release variation, W

s

=

cross-sectional area, m 2

?

=

ratio of specific heats

?

=

the ratio of the speed of sound to area, c/s (ms) -1

?

=

bulk gas velocity, m/s

v

=

acoustic mass velocity, kg/s

?

=

gas density, kg/m 3

?

=

the transfer function relating acoustic pressure to velocity...

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