Video Coding: An Introduction to Standard Codecs
From the ground up, this guide explains video coding algorithms to video compression systems, and more.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Video Coding: An Introduction to Standard Codecs
Chapter 7: Coding of High Quality Moving Pictures (MPEG-2)
Overview
Following the universal success of H.261 and MPEG-1 video codecs, there was a growing need for a video codec to address a wide variety of applications. Considering the similarity between H.261 and MPEG-1, ITU-T and ISO/IEC made a joint effort to devise a generic video codec. Joining the study was a special group in ITU-T Study Group 15, SG15, who were interested in coding of video for transmission over the future Broad-band Integrated Services Digital Networks (B-ISDN) using ATM transport. The devised generic codec was finalised in 1995, and takes the name of MPEG-2/H.262, though it is more commonly known as MPEG-2 [1].
At the time of the development, the following applications for the generic codec were foreseen:
| BSS | Broadcasting Satellite Service (to the home) |
| CATV | Cable TV distribution on optical networks, copper, etc. |
| CDAD | Cable Digital Audio Distribution |
| DAB | Digital Audio Broadcasting (terrestrial and satellite broadcasting) |
| DTTB | Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcast |
| EC | Electronic Cinema |
| ENG | Electronic News Gathering (including SNG, Satellite News Gathering) |
| FSS | Fixed Satellite Service (e.g. to head ends) |
| HTT | Home Television Theatre |
| IPC | Interpersonal Communications (videoconferencing, videophone, ) |
| ISM | Interactive Storage Media (optical discs, etc.) |
| MMM | Multimedia Mailing |
| NCA | News and Current Affairs |
| NDS | Networked Database Services (via ATM, etc.) |
| RVS | Remote Video Surveillance |
| SSM | Serial Storage Media (digital VTR, etc.). |
Numerous new applications have been added to the above list. In particular High Definition Television (HDTV),...
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