TABLE OF CONTENTS This chapter focuses on power flow controlling FACTS-devices and their benefits in market environments. These devices have a significant influence on congestion management and loss reduction. Especially the speed of FACTS-devices provides an additional benefit in comparison to conventional power flow control methods. However, to earn these benefits a special post-contingency operation strategy has to be applied which will be explained in this chapter.
The aim of this chapter is beside the analyses of the qualitative benefits as well to assess the quantitative economic benefits. In particular, we
analyse under which conditions fast load flow controlling devices like DFC or UPFC allow for a reduction of total system cost,
estimate the amount of this reduction exemplarily for a realistic scenario within the UCTE system.
In this chapter 'Load Flow Controller' (LFC) is used as a general term for power flow controlling devices like Dynamic Flow Controller (DFC), Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) and Phase Shifting Transformer (PST). The acronym DFC is used exemplarily for all kinds of fast and dynamic power flow controllers.
The liberalisation of electricity markets has led and continues to lead to an increase in volume and volatility of cross-border power exchanges. As a consequence, particularly the transmission networks are operated closer to their technical limits. At least indirectly, some of the numerous major blackouts of the recent years have been related to this development.
Beside strict regulations [1], there are several new technologies with...
