TABLE OF CONTENTS D.Horv th 1 , A.V rtes 2
1 KFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary, and Institute of Nuclear Research, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
2 Department of Nuclear Chemistry, E tv s Lor nd University, Budapest, Hungary
The effects of interactions of the various kinds of nuclear radiation with matter is summarized with special emphasize on relations to nuclear chemistry and possible applications.
The interaction of nuclear radiation with matter is one of the most important aspects in nuclear chemistry, since most phenomena and applications of the discipline are, in one way or another, related to it. As a result of the interactions, changes may occur in the physical parameters and in the state (energy, direction, absorption) of the radiation particles as well as in the atoms and molecules of the substance (ionization, excitation, nuclear reaction and, as a secondary effect, chemical reaction). The possible changes are summarized in TABLE 1.
| Interacting partner: | Radiation | Matter | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenomenon | energy loss via ionization or radiation | scattering | absorption | ionization atomic excitation (chemical changes) | nuclear excitation | nuclear reaction | ||
| elastic | inelastic | transformation (pair production, annihilation) | stopping in matter (decay, atomic or nuclear absorption) | |||||
| Example of application | fluorescence spectroscopy, synchrotron radiation | Rutherford backscattering on surfaces | positron annihilation | muon spin resonance | radiation detectors, radiochemistry | M ssbauer effect | nuclide production, activation analysis |
The notation and units of the present review are summarized in TABLE 2. [1] Note that the energy of the...
