Heat Pipes, Fifth Edition

Appendix 1: Working Fluid Properties

Note that the CFCs have been omitted from these tables. The replacement refrigerants such as R134a are as yet largely untried in heat pipes.

Fluids listed: (in order of appearance)

Helium

Heptane

Nitrogen

Water

Ammonia

Flutec PP9

High-temperature organics

Pentane

Mercury

Caesium

Acetone

Potassium

Methanol

Sodium

Flutec PP2

Lithium

Ethanol

Properties listed:

Latent heat of evaporation

Vapour dynamic viscosity

Liquid density

Vapour pressure

Vapour density

Vapour specific heat

Liquid thermal conductivity

Liquid surface tension

Liquid dynamic viscosity

Helium

Temp C

Latent heat kJ/kg

Liquid density kg/m 3

Vapour density kg/m 3

Liquid thermal conductivity W/m C 10 -2

Liquid viscos. cP 10 2

Vapour viscos. cP 10 3

Vapour press. Bar

Vapour specific heat kJ/kg C

Liquid surface tension N/m 10 3

?271

22.8

148.3

26.0

1.81

3.90

0.20

0.06

2.045

0.26

?270

23.6

140.7

17.0

2.24

3.70

0.30

0.32

2.699

0.19

?269

20.9

128.0

10.0

2.77

2.90

0.60

1.00

4.619

0.09

?268

4.0

113.8

8.5

3.50

1.34

0.90

2.29

6.642

0.01

Nitrogen

Temp C

Latent heat kJ/kg

Liquid density kg/m 3

Vapour density kg/m 3

Liquid thermal conductivity W/m C

Liquid viscos. cP 10 1

Vapour viscos. cP 10 2

Vapour press. Bar

Vapour specific heat kJ/kg C

Liquid surface tension N/m 10 2

?203

210.0

830.0

1.84

0.150

2.48

0.48

0.48

1.083

1.054

?200

205.5

818.0

3.81

0.146

1.94

0.51

0.74

1.082

0.985

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