IP Addressing and Subnetting Including IPv6
A clear, comprehensive guide to IP addressing, including technical details on IP message formats and standards.
TABLE OF CONTENTS IP Addressing and Subnetting Including IPv6
Appendix A: Address Assignment
Introduction
Each host connected to an IP network must have an IP address. For connectivity on the Internet, the address space must be managed to ensure the uniqueness of each address.
In the past, Jon Postel was giving IP addresses to universities connected to the Internet (well, the Arpanet at that time). Then, Internic, an umbrella created by the US government, gave IP addresses to any requesting organization. At that time, Jon Postel was still managing the whole address space, giving ranges of addresses to Internic.
Registries
Now, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is managing the whole IPv4 address space and the IPv6 address space. IANA gives ranges of addresses to regional registries; those registries give addresses ranges to Internet Service Providers (ISPs) who then give addresses to corporations (or to smaller ISPs). Each level of delegation has to prove to the upper level that it has consumed most of its address space before requesting another range of addresses.
The three regional registries are:
| ? | American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN): http://www.arin.net |
| ? | R seaux IP Europ ens-Network Coordination Center (RIPE-NCC): http://www.ripe.net |
| ? | Asia-Pacific Network Information Center (APNIC): http://www.apnic.net |
ARIN covers North America, South America, the Caribbean, and sub-Saharan Africa. RIPE-NCC covers Europe, the Middle East, and parts of Africa. APNIC covers Asia and the Pacific.
If you are not connected to the Internet and don't want to be, then there is an IP address space reserved for that situation. It is called the private address space and is described in...
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