Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Displays

Over the past 15 years, the performance of AMLCDs has dramatically improved. Depending on the requirements for a particular application, the characteristics described in the previous chapter have been optimized. They include power consumption for portable devices, viewing angle for desktop monitors and televisions, contrast ratio, brightness, color gamut, and video response times for LCD televisions. In Table 6.1 the importance of different performance characteristics is listed for various applications. For mobile applications such as notebooks, PDAs, cell phones, camcorders, and digital cameras, low power consumption is essential to prolong battery life.
| Parameter | Small mobile | Laptop | Desktop | Television |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High brightness | x | x | ? | o |
| Wide viewing angle | x | x | o | o |
| Wide color gamut | x | ? | ? | o |
| Fast video response time | ? | ? | ? | o |
| Sunlight readability | o | ? | x | ? |
| Low power consumption | o | o | x | x |
| Low weight | o | o | x | x |
| Thin profile | o | o | ? | ? |
| o, very important; ?, important; x, less important. |
For non-portable, large AMLCDs the viewing angle and response time tend to be more of a concern. Many efforts have gone into the development and commercialization of AMLCDs with application-specific optimization of the viewing characteristics. These improvements are described in this chapter.