TABLE OF CONTENTS In this chapter we will take a general look at a wide range of formulations for familiar preparations. The formulations are shown for guidance only; they are not a recommendation to manufacture but they may be suitable as starting points for anyone wishing to develop a particular product. Where the latter is the case then advice should be sought from the chemical suppliers before starting and it should be borne in mind that if a preparation is made for sale to the public there are many other considerations and responsibilities.
Each of the formulations has been selected as being suitable for small scale trial preparations in the laboratory using normally available equipment, namely: balance, variable speed stirrer, steam bath, thermometers, pH meter and buffer solutions, measuring cylinders, beakers, personal protection equipment etc. A few of the emulsion preparations may require a high shear mixer such as a Silverson.
For personal care products ingredients specifically rated for such use must be used along with deionized water and high standards of cleanliness of the mixing equipment. Furthermore, there must be thorough testing such as effectiveness, stability and bacteriological tests, to ensure the product is fit for its intended purpose.
Products formulated for personal care applications are clearly going to have to strict limitations on their properties. A mixture of chemicals for putting onto the hair and skin is occasionally going to find its way into the eyes and small amounts of it may even be ingested. These...
