TABLE OF CONTENTS Resonance is one of the most important phenomena that occurs in many physical systems that are comprised of components capable of storing energy as potential as well as kinetic energy. These systems start to oscillate when excited, i.e., if a small amount of energy is injected into the system, for example as potential energy. This energy transitions between fully potential and fully kinetic phases, in the system. [2] The frequency of oscillations depends on the parameters of the system. The pendulum is one of the fundamental oscillatory systems that is easiest to understand. An oscillatory system loses its energy in time, if there is (it would be better to say: there always is) a reason to consume energy in the system (for example the air friction for a pendulum), the amplitude of the oscillation eventually decreases down to zero.
In electrical circuits, the capacitor is the component that is capable of storing potential energy in the form of charge. The energy stored in a capacitor is E p = (1/2) CV 2 if the voltage is V. An inductor, on the other hand, stores kinetic energy in the form of flux. If a current I is flowing through an inductor, the energy stored in the inductor is E k = (1/2) LI 2. All resistors in a circuit consume energy. The consumed (dissipated) energy in a time interval t is E d = I 2 Rt, in...
