TABLE OF CONTENTS Tubular-envelope incandescent lamps are intended for illuminating store display cases and bathroom mirror luminaires where a long, linear light pattern is desired. These lamps can be paired with external reflectors to concentrate the light pattern. Some T lamps have internal reflecting surfaces covering about half of the inner surface of the bulb to focus light into long, thin fan beams. The common T bulb sizes, T-6 1/ 2, T-8, and T-10, are available with ratings of 25 and 40 W, and T-10 lamps have ratings of 60 W.
Projector and reflector lamps are made as incandescent, tungsten-halogen, mercury, and metal halide high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps. They all include compact filaments that are accurately positioned with respect to the base for more efficient light beam formation. Their internal parabolic reflectors are formed by sputtering aluminum on the inner curved surfaces of the bulb. The combination of internal reflector and contour of the front lens focuses the output light in a unidirectional conical beam.
PAR lamps are generally designated as flood and spot, but manufacturers have expanded those classifications to include narrow flood, wide flood, and narrow spot to define their light patterns more precisely. Unfortunately, these terms are not standardized. Flood PAR beam angles are typically 40 , narrow floods are 30 , and wide floods are 50 . Spot PAR beam angles are typically 12 , and narrow spots are 9 .
PAR-38 incandescent lamps...
