Mechanical Engineering ReferencePoint Suite
Use these ReferencePoints to learn about several mechanical engineering topics, including fluid dynamics and heat transfer.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Mechanical Engineering ReferencePoint Suite
Point 1: Cryogenic Measurement Systems
Anant Garg
Production of low temperatures or the study of low-temperature phenomena is called cryogenics. Cryogenic systems operate at temperatures lower than -73.3 0C. You can obtain low temperatures by liquefaction of gases. Cryogenic systems are used in various research areas such as food processing and refrigeration, rocket propulsion fuels, and spacecraft life support systems.
Cryogenic measurement systems help you measure parameters such as temperature, pressure, liquid level, and fluid flow in a cryogenic system. To measure the parameters, you can use various instruments such as platinum sensors and differential flow meter.
This article describes various instruments used for measuring temperature, pressure, fluid flow rate, and liquid levels at cryogenic temperatures. It explains how to select an appropriate instrument for an application. It also describes the temperature ranges in which these measurement systems can be used. In addition, the article describes the limitations of the conventional measuring systems and introduces new measurement systems.
Introducing the Cryogenic System
Solids when treated at cryogenic temperatures, which is in the range of -73 0 C to -270 0 C, are called cryogenic materials. Cryogenic liquids are liquefied gases that are maintained in their liquid state at a low temperature.
Cryogenic liquids are odorless and tasteless when you vaporize them. If you expose cryogenic liquids to atmosphere, these liquids produce a dense fog, which dispels by warming. These cryogenic liquids include all gases, which have normal temperature and pressure. The boiling point of cryogenic liquids is below -150 0
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