Model-Oriented Systems Engineering Science: A Unifying Framework for Traditional and Complex Systems

The engineering community has defined various sets of views in the context of design and architecture. The collection of views that have been defined are of some importance to SE because they illustrate a variety that can serve as a starter set of common views for the future of SE. Therefore, we include a fair number of examples in the survey that follows. At the same time we note that the stance of most of the examples is that, to varying degrees, the definers and proponents regard their set of views as "complete." MOSES has a much more expansive concept of view, which fosters a more open-ended and flexible approach to views and a significantly increased role for views in the future of SE. Therefore, our position on the examples that follow is that they provide an important start on filling the space of potential views, but the SE community has barely begun to explore this space and its huge potential.
TSE tends to focus on differences between composition levels. This is reflected in different specific names for each level. Examples are:
IEEE 1220-2005 (IEEE 2005, 3): defines the hierarchy of system product subsystem assembly component (subassembly) subcomponent part.
Kossiakoff and Sweet (2003, 31 33): Acknowledges that system can apply to any level, but then defines a model of complex systems with these levels: (system of systems) system subsystem component subcomponent part
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