Transducers and Arrays for Underwater Sound

Conversions
| Length (inches) | 1 in | = 0.0254 m |
| Length (meters) | 1 m | = 39.37 in |
| Weight (pounds) | 1 pound | = 0.4536 kg |
| Weight (kg) | 1 kg | = 2.205 pounds |
| Pressure (psi) | 1 psi | = 6.895 kN/m 2 |
| Pressure (Pa) | 1 N/m 2 | = 0.145 x10 -3 psi |
| Depth & Water Pressure | 1 foot | = 0.444 psi |
| Depth & Water Pressure | 1 meter | = 1.457 psi |
| Depth & Water Pressure | 1 meter | = 10.04 kPa |
| Magnetic Field | 1 Oe | = 79.58 A/m |
| Magnetic Field | 1 kA/m | = 12.57 Oe |
Constants
| Free Dielectric | ? 0 | 10 -9/36 ? | = 8.842 x 10 -12C/mV |
| Free Permeability | ? 0 | 4 ? x 10 -7 | = 1.2567 x 10 -6 H/m |
| Sound Speed | c | Sea Water | = 1,500 m/s @ 13 C |
| Sound Speed | c | Fresh Water | = 1,481 m/s @ 20 C |
| Sound Speed | c | Air | = 343 m/s @ 20 C |
| Density | ? | Sea Water | = 1,026 kg/m 3 @ 13 C |
| Density | ? | Fresh Water | = 998 kg/m 3 @ 20 C |
| Density | ? | Air | = 1.21 kg/m 3 @ 20 C |
Nominal values of Young's modulus, Y, in 10 9 N/m 2,GPa, density, ?, in kg /m 3, bar sound speed, c, in m/s, Poisson's ratio, ?, characteristic impedance, ?c, in 10 6 kg/m 2s, Mrayls.
| MATERIAL | Y GPa | ? kg/m 3 | ? | cm/s | ?c Mrayls |
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