Cutting Data for Turning of Steel
Thoroughly describing workpiece materials and cutting tool materials, this book provides machining recommendations for turning, which is one of the major metalcutting processes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Cutting Data for Turning of Steel
Chapter 1: Mechanical Properties of Steel
Steels represent the most widely-used category of metallic material, primary because they can be manufactured relatively inexpensively in large quantities to very precise specifications (Ref 7, p.140).
Hardness, tensile strength, and machinability of steels are the major mechanical properties described in this chapter. These properties are taken into consideration when selecting machining parameters.
Classification of steels by commercial name or application is the most common system consisting of the following groups: carbon steels, alloy steels, stainless steels, and tool steels (Ref 8, pp.1, 73, 243, and 431).
1.1. Hardness
Hardness is a measure of the resistance of a material to surface indentation or abrasion. There is no absolute scale for hardness. In order to express hardness quantitatively, each type of test has its own scale that defines hardness. Indentation hardness obtained through static methods is measured by Brinell, Rockwell, Vickers, and Knoop tests. Hardness without indentation is obtained by the dynamic (rebound) method. The typical dynamic method is the Scleroscope hardness test, also known as the Shore method.
Traditionally, selections of machining parameters for steel have been based on Brinell or Rockwell hardness of the work materials, the cutting tool materials (high-speed steels, cemented carbides, cermets ceramics, and cubic boron nitride), and cutting tool geometry (Ref 1 and 8).
1.1.1. Brinell hardness
Hardness of a wide variety of materials is determined by the Brinell test, which consists of applying a constant load, usually between 500 and 3000 kgf, for a specific time (10 to 30 seconds) using a 5-...
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