Airworthiness: An Introduction to Aircraft Certification—A Guide to Understanding JAA, EASA, and FAA Standards

In this chapter, we will describe the basics of the requirements governing the certificates of airworthiness airworthiness certificates for the FAA. However, we will not report these requirements in their entirety. Therefore, to find practical applications of these requirements, the reader will have to refer directly to JAR/FAR 21/EASA Part 21, other standards cited in the requirements, and finally, relevant advisory material.
Generally, aircraft for which certificates of airworthiness have been issued in accordance with a JAR/FAR 21/EASA Part 21 type certificate comply with ICAO Annex 8 and therefore have international recognition according to Article 33 of the Chicago Convention for flying and landing in Contracting States.
Special certificates of airworthiness with some exceptions, like the Restricted certificate and other certificates which require type certification can be defined in the same way as the EASA's permits to fly, i.e. issued to aircraft that do not meet, or have not been shown to meet, applicable certification specification but are capable of safe flight under defined conditions.
Special certificates of airworthiness are generally not recognized in compliance with ICAO Annex 8, but there may be exceptions to be evaluated case by case.
Recalling what was mentioned in Chapter 5, the type certificate is not an authorization for aircraft operation which is obtained when a certificate of airworthiness is issued.
With regard to the duration, as a general rule, unless suspended or revoked sooner, or a termination date is otherwise established by the authority, a certificate of airworthiness...