A carefully crafted research questionnaire addressing the key areas under study (culture type, aggregated success score, codification, and personalization) was distributed as hard copy and also made accessible through an interactive Web-based environment, using Survey Solutions XP software, which was located on the George Washington University (GW) Interactive Multimedia Applications Group s server. The government sector was defined as all federal government agencies, departments, administrations, and state and local governments. The nonprofit sector included colleges, universities, and other nonacademic entities such as national/international professional societies and associations, research and development institutions, and public policy institutes. The targeted participants were executives, managers, technical staff, support staff, and employees in these sectors.

A total of 1,800 e-mail messages and 200 hard-copy questionnaire in a preaddressed and stamped envelope were distributed. Participation in the survey was on a voluntary basis. A total of 346 subjects participated in the research during the data collection period. Only five subjects were considered unacceptable for use and were excluded from the analysis. As a result, a sample size of 341 was used as the body of data collected and analyzed. Table 4-3 and Figure 4-3 show the questionnaire responses by category and the functional roles and responsibilities of the respondents. After the data was collected, it was analyzed using SPSS 10.0 and the SAS System version 8e statistical analysis software packages. [SPSS 10.0 is a product of SPSS Inc. (www.spss.com) with headquarters in Chicago, Illinois, U.S. and SAS 8e is a product of SAS Institute Inc.