S.Biri, E.Koltay, A.Valek
Institute of Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
This chapter is designed to serve as a review and reference for the wide and still evolving field of particle sources and accelerators. The object of this chapter is to give a comprehensive, easily understandable survey of the field in sufficient depth to be useful to the users of accelerators, nuclear physicists and chemists, as well as students. The field of particle accelerators covers facilities from hand-size mass-separators through room-scale cyclotrons to huge storage rings. In spite of their important differences, all of them own a key subsystem: the ion source. The parameters of the ion beam generated in and extracted from the ion source determine the features of the accelerated beam on the target In Section 1 the ion sources of particle accelerators are reviewed. Section2 is devoted to the electrostatic accelerators. The cyclic and linear accelerators are summarized in Section 3 where a survey on beam parameters is also given.
The field of ion sources has grown dramatically in the last three decades. New areas of application have evolved, new kinds of ion sources have been developed and existing types have been improved. This development was symbiotic with the growth of the fields of accelerators and applications. New requirements from the accelerators and applications prompted ion source developers to elaborate new ideas and the appearance of a new or upgraded ion source made new experiments and applications possible. The stand-alone...
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