TABLE OF CONTENTS Protection of the environment from pollution caused by 'wastes' is a matter of increasing concern. It can be a technically-complex exercise because the variety of waste is extremely wide, the volumes may be large, and the levels 'permissible' for release may be very low.
Examples of industrial chemical waste are given in Table 16.1. Common industrial sources of pollution are given in Table 16.2. Since waste can result in pollution, the two terms are often used synonymously.
| Source | Type of waste | Form of pollutant [1] |
|---|---|---|
| Agriculture, horticulture | ||
| BOD waste (high and low) | L S A | |
| Disinfectant | A | |
| Pesticides, herbicides (see below) | PA | |
| Fertilizers, see Inorganic chemicals | A | |
| Cement, bricks, lime | ||
| Chromium | L | |
| Dust | S | |
| Fluorides | G | |
| Sulphur dioxide | G | |
| Coal distillation, coal tar, coke ovens | ||
| Ammonia | G A | |
| Aromatic hydrocarbons | G L | |
| Combustion products | G | |
| Cyanate | A | |
| Cyanides | G A | |
| Dust | S P | |
| Fluorides | G A | |
| Hydrocarbons (general) | G L A | |
| Hydrogen sulphide | G | |
| Phenols | L A | |
| Polycyclic hydrocarbons | G | |
| Sulphur dioxide | G | |
| Tar | G L S | |
| Thiocyanates | A | |
| Construction, building, demolition | ||
| Combustion products | G P | |
| Dust | S P | |
| Metals | S | |
| Rubble | S | |
| Timber | S | |
| Electricity generation | ||
| Clinker | S | |
| Combustion products, e.g. smoke | G | |
| Cooling water | L | |
| Pulverized fuel... |
