MIM

A Man in the Middle (MIM) attack is an attack angle that takes advantage of the mutual trust of a third party, or the simultaneous impersonation of both sides of a two-way trust.

MIM attacks are unknown parties in a communication, who relay information back and forth, giving the simultaneous appearance of being the other party.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is particularly susceptible to MIM attacks because of its small size and low price. Most RFID technologies talk to any reader close enough to read the signal. There is no user interaction in reading the tag, and no authentication of the reader takes place. Consequently, you can walk up to someone with an RFID tag and a reader tuned to the frequency of their tag, and read or interact with their tag without he or she knowing, while replaying or emulating the tag to the reader at the same time.

Chip Clones - Fraud and Theft

Physical access control the ability to control when and where people go is a big problem in the business world. The easiest solution is to have guards at the doors to all sensitive areas; however, this has its drawbacks. Guards are expensive, make mistakes, and do not like to keep audit trails. Master key lock systems can also be a problem, because a dismissed employee may have a copy of the key, thereby forcing you to buy all new locks.

At some point, someone introduced access cards in the form of magnetic strip...