Phosphate based chemical treatment programs are used in several industrial applications in order to control corrosion on low carbon steel metal surfaces. In cooling systems, for example, phosphates are added to the cooling water to prevent corrosion on low carbon steel heat exchangers and pipes. Because there is a tendency to run cooling systems at higher cycles and process operation at higher temperatures, calcium phosphate scale has become more common in cooling water systems. A new terpolymer able to provide calcium phosphate scale control and dispersion of suspended solids has been developed. The inhibitor has been shown to be effective in highly cycled cooling water and at relatively high temperatures. The efficacy of the new terpolymer at different monomer ratios and molecular weight was also established.
After calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate is the most common scale found in cooling systems. In most cases, the relatively high phosphate concentration found in cooling systems is caused by the addition of inorganic phosphates to control corrosion on Low Carbon Steel (LCS) surfaces present in the cooling system (heat exchangers, pipes, and water boxes). The problem has increased in the last ten years because of the tendency to operate cooling systems at higher cycles of concentration due to water conservation, and, in some cases, the higher temperatures for process optimization. [1] Operating cooling systems under these most drastic conditions dramatically increases the...
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
