Milling is one of the most common metalcutting operations in which a rotating multi-edge cutting tool removes chips from a stationary workpiece to produce flat and curved surfaces in almost any direction.
Milling operation is characterized by its kinematics, productivity, and dynamics. Parameters of kinematics and productivity include:
Cutting speed
Spindle speed
Cutter diameter
Number of inserts (teeth) in the cutter
Feed per tooth (same as chip load)
Feed rate (same as table feed or machine feed)
Depth and width of cut
Number of inserts in the cut
Chip thickness and lead angle of the cutter
Feed rate adjustment
Cross-sectional area of uncut chip
Metal removal rate
Machining time with linear path of the cutter
Machining time with helical interpolation
Parameters of dynamics:
Tangential cutting force
Torque at the cutter
Machining power at the cutter
Machining power at the motor
Kinematics and productivity are described by formulas showing relationships between various parameters that are required to plan milling operations using various tools: face mills, end mills, die and cavity mills, slotting cutters, thread and grooving mills. Productivity is directly proportional to cutting speed (or spindle speed), feed per tooth, feed rate, depth of cut, and width of cut.
Cutting speed is one of the most commonly used programmable elements for CNC milling machines and machining centers. The relationship between the cutting speed V c (dependent variable), machine spindle speed n (independent variable), and the cutter diameter D (independent variable)...
TABLE OF CONTENTS 
