GPS Quick Course

GPS Radio

GPS radio signal characteristics include frequency, modulation, power level and channel coding.

Frequency

A frequency band is the difference between the upper and lower frequency boundaries that is defined for a specific type of radio service. GPS transmitters label the transmitted frequencies L1, L2 and L5 (Block III satellites).

L1 Carrier

The L1 carrier is a transmission frequency for global positioning system (GPS) satellite that is 1,575.42 MHz.

L2 Carrier

The L2 carrier is a transmission frequency for global positioning systems (GPS) satellite that is 1,227.60 MHz.

L5 Carrier

The L5 carrier is a transmission frequency for global positioning systems (GPS) satellite that is 1,176.45 MHz.

Pseudo-Random Noise (PRN) Codes

A pseudorandom noise number is a unique identifier that is used by a transmitter (such as a GPS satellite) to modify or encode a signal. GPS satellites transmit several different types of codes and each code is unique for that satellite.

Clear Acquisition Code (C/A Code)

The Clear/Acquisition code is a position reference code provided by the global positioning system to provide for the standard positioning service. The C/A Code is a sequence of 1023 pseudo-random binary biphase modulations on the GPS carrier and it is sent at a chip rate of 1,023 MHz. The C/A code is also known as civilian code.

The C/A code contains a handover word, which can be used to help find the P code. The HOW is a message contains synchronization information that assists in the transfer of tracking from a C/A code to...

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