TABLE OF CONTENTS Bryan W. Karney
Department of Civil Engineering
University of Toronto,
Toronto, Ontario,
Canada
The need to provide water to satisfy basic physical and domestic needs; use of maritime and fluvial routes for transportation and travel, crop irrigation, flood protection, development of stream power; all have forced humanity to face water from the beginning of time. It has not been an easy rapport. City dwellers who day after day see water flowing from faucet s, docile to their needs, have no idea of its idiosyncrasy. They cannot imagine how much patience and cleverness are needed to handle our great friend-enemy; how much insight must be gained in understanding its arrogant nature in order to tame and subjugate it; how water must be enticed to agree to our will, respecting its own at the same time. That is why a hydraulician must first be something like a water psychologist, thoroughly knowledgeable of its nature. (Enzo Levi, The Science of Water: The Foundations of Modern Hydraulics, ASCE, 1995, p. xiii.)
Understanding the hydraulics of pipeline systems is essential to the rational design, analysis, implementation, and operation of many water resource projects. This chapter considers the physical and computational bases of hydraulic calculations in pressurized pipelines, whether the pipelines are applied to hydroelectric, water supply, or wastewater systems. The term pressurized pipeline means a pipe system in which a free water surface is almost never found within the conduit itself. Making this definition more precise is difficult because even in...
