TABLE OF CONTENTS The lasing of trivalent chromium ions in an emerald crystal at the electronic-vibrational transitions 4 T 2 ? 4 A 2 was examined for the first time in Ref. 35. The adjustable lasing of the laser on an emerald crystal at the transition 4 T 2 ? 4 A 2 during laser pumping was investigated in Ref. 52 54, and of R-lines of chromium ions in Ref. 54,55. The energy characteristics of lasing of an emerald laser, with the crystal grown by the flux method, with valve pumping, was investigated in Ref. 56.
The emerald crystal (Cr 3+:Be 3Al 2(SiO 3) 6) is a chromium beryll, uniaxial, negative, has refractive indices n o = 1.58 and n e = 1.575. With a chromium ions concentration of 0.01 1%, the crystal is green. Its melting point is 1470 C which is 400 degrees lower than the melting point of the alexandrite crystal. The heat conductivity of the emerald crystal is almost six times lower than that of alexandrite and equals 4 W/m grad, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 2.6(2.9) 10 -6 deg -1. The Moose hardness of the emerald crystal is 8.0, density 2.68 g/cm 3. The emerald crystals are grown by two methods: hydrothermal and flux. The emerald crystals grown by the flux method have better optical quality and contain a smaller content of secondary impurities. Non-selective losses of the emerald crystals, grown by the...
