Principles of Robot Motion: Theory, Algorithms, and Implementation

Appendix A: Mathematical Notation

Symbol

Meaning

dot product

?

there exists

?

for all

?

infinity

?

element

?

not in

s.t.

such that

real numbers

m-dimensioned real numbers

?

union

?

intersection

\

set difference

?

implies. p ? q is p implies q

?

if and only if

S 1

a circle

?

gradient

D

differential or distance to closest obstacle (depending on context)

d i

distance to obstacle i in either the workspace or configuration space (depending on context)

d( x, y)

distance between the two points x and y

Null

null space

O( n)

order of n

J

Jacobian

?

Christoffel symbol

RM

roadmap

workspace

configuration space

free space

x( k)

state at time k

x

norm of x

?

subset of

?

strict subset of

cl( A)

closure of A

T n

n-dimensional torus

S n

n-dimensional sphere in

SO( n)

special orthogonal group

SE( n)

special Euclidean group

B ?( q)

open ball of radius ? centered at q

Df

differential of f

? f

gradient of f

?

affine connection

? Y 1 Y 2

covariant derivative of Y 2 with respect to Y 1

C 0

continuous

C n

n times differentiable

? x, y ?

inner product of x and y

identity matrix

atan2( y, x)

returns angle to ( x, y) in the plane in...

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