TABLE OF CONTENTS Wireless communication has made a huge leap since its first commercial service in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In the UK, the 1G service was provided by Total Access Communications Systems (TACS) in 1985. TACS standard is based upon an earlier Bell Labs system which was developed in the late 1970s and has been deployed in North America under the name Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS).
The first move toward digital wireless communications in Europe began in the early 1980s when the Conference of European Post and Telecommunications (CEPT) initiated the work for a new digital cellular standard which would provide the capacity for an ever-increasing demand on the European mobile networks. The 2G wireless system is called the 'Global System for Mobile Communications' and is denoted as GSM. The GSM air interface is based on the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technique, which separates voice calls by time and transports parts of the conversations on the same carrier. The first GSM system was first in service in Finland in 1992. Indeed, GSM is now adopted by world-wide service providers and the GSM standards have gone through different phases of evolution to increase the spectral efficiency, throughput and data speed. The development of GSM is shown in Figure 1.1.
The development of digital wireless communications in North America was initiated in 1990. New digital transmission systems, such as IS-54 and IS-136, are deployed...
