TABLE OF CONTENTS Narender P. Reddy
University of Akron, Akron, Ohio
Models are conceptual constructions that allow formulation and testing of hypotheses. A mathematical model attempts to duplicate the quantitative behavior of the system. Mathematical models are used in today s scientific and technological world because of the ease with which they can be used to analyze real systems. The most prominent value of a model is its ability to predict as yet unknown properties of the system. The major advantage of a mathematical or computer model is that the model parameters can be easily altered and the system performance can be simulated. Mathematical models allow the study of subsystems in isolation from the parent system. Model studies are often inexpensive and less time consuming than corresponding experimental studies. A model can also be used as a powerful educational tool, since it permits idealization of processes. Models of physiological systems often aid in the specification of design criteria for the design of procedures aimed at alleviating pathological conditions. Mathematical models are useful in the design of medical devices. Mathematical model simulations are first conducted in the evaluation of the medical devices before expensive animal testing and clinical trials. Models are often useful in the prescription of patient protocols for the use of medical devices. Pharmacokinetic models have been extensively used in the design of drugs and drug therapies.
There are two types of modeling approach: the black box approach and the building block...
