Aircraft and Rotorcraft System Identification: Engineering Methods with Flight-Test Examples

| A, B, C, D | = | state-space representation (standard form) |
| A ? B | = | Schur product of matrices (element-by-element multiplication: A ? B ? [ a ijb ij] |
| a | = | lift-curve slope |
| a x, a y, a z | = | accelerometer components along the body axes (longitudinal, lateral, vertical) |
| B e | = | frequency resolution ( B e ? ? f) |
| B r | = | half-power bandwidth |
| b | = | with subscript, a bias error parameter (e.g., b ? ? bias error in ?) |
| C T | = | thrust coefficient |
| C ? | = | constant to account for spectral window overlap |
| C 0 | = | Carpenter-Fridovich inflow constant |
| CR i | = | Cram r-Rao bound of the ith identified parameter ( ? i) of the converged solution ( ? 0) |
| c | = | rotor-blade chord |
| D | = | matrix of gradients ? y e/ ? ?, where y e = y data - y |
| d B/d t | = | time derivative in an Eulerian (body-fixed) frame of reference |
| d I/d t | = | time derivative in an inertial frame of reference |
| dec_span | = | decade span, defined as dec_span = log( ? max/ ? min) to characterize the fraction of a decade for which acceptable data are available |
| e | = | offset of the rotor-blade flapping hinge from the center of rotation of the rotor shaft |
| F | = | external force vector |
| f | = | frequency, Hz |
| f min, f max | = | theoretical minimum/maximum... |