Glossary

Glossary

Algorithm . A computational process that takes a value or set of values as input and produces an output value.

Analytical model . A process for analyzing a database or table, such as a graph, a decision tree, a neural network, or a cluster. A model may be descriptive or predictive.

Anomalous data . Dirty or spotty data that result from errors or that represent unusual events.

API . Application Program Interface. Some data mining tools provide APIs for using models in scoring new accounts or cases in production systems.

ASCII . Acronym for the American Standard Code for Information Interchange. The American National Standards Institute established this standard set of character codes for the transfer of text between systems.

Association. A rule or condition which describes how often events occur together. For example, if a person buys wine he will also buy cheese 15 percent of the time and French bread 20 percent of the time.

Back-propagation neural network . An architecture network design that uses an input, an output, and a hidden layer. During training, information is propagated back through the network and used to update the connection weights.

C5.0 . A machine-learning algorithm that provides a set of rules that you can apply to a new unseen data set to predict which records will have a given outcome, it was developed by J. Ross Quinlan. C5.0 is the successor to the C4.5 and ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser) algorithms.

CART . Classification and Regression Trees. A statistical algorithm...

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