Chapter V: V: Vacuum V.xx Standards

vacuum: A low-pressure gaseous environment whose pressure is lower than the ambient atmospheric pressure.
vacuum brake: A type of power-assisted vehicle brake. Its released position is maintained by maintaining a pressure below atmospheric in the actuating cylinder. Its actuated position is obtained by admitting air at atmospheric pressure into one side of the cylinder.
vacuum breaker: A device used in a water supply line to relieve a vacuum and prevent backflow. Also known as a "backflow preventer."
vacuum degassing: To remove dissolved or trapped gases in a metal by melting or heating it under high vacuum.
vacuum deposition: A process for coating a substrate with a thin film of metal by condensing it on the substrate in an evacuated chamber.

See also vacuum plating.
vacuum filtration: A process for separating solids from a suspension or slurry by admitting the mixture into a filter at atmospheric pressure (or higher) and then drawing a vacuum on the outlet side to help the liquid pass through the filter element.
vacuum forming: A method of forming sheet plastics. The sheet is clamped to a stationary frame. It is then heated and drawn into a mold by pulling a vacuum in the space between the sheet and mold.
vacuum fusion: A laboratory technique for determining the dissolved gas content of metals by melting them in vacuum and measuring the amount of hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes nitrogen released during melting. The process can be used on most metals except reactive elements such as alkali and alkaline-earth...

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The Automation, Systems, and Instrumentation Dictionary, Fourth Edition

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Chapter V: V: Vacuum V.xx Standards

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