TABLE OF CONTENTS The reader is encouraged to consult the "Recommended References" at the end of this chapter for additional practice problems. In this regard, the reader may find the example problems in the Highway Capacity Manual, and the AASHTO. Asphalt Institute, and Portland Cement Association Pavement Design Manuals particularly valuable. For a more diverse selection of example problems, the reader can consult any standard transportation engineering textbook such as Garber and Hoel or Roess et al.
| 11.1 | Notes for an earthwork cross section are as follows  The roadbed is 40 ft wide. Cut slopes are at 1 ft vertical to 4 ft horizontal. The area of the cross section is approximately:
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| 11.2 | The table below gives earthwork cross-sectional areas for three successive location on a roadway:
If material shrinks by 15% (that is, volume of a unit mass is 15% less in a compacted fill than in the material's existing state), the net waste or borrow for this job is approximately:
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