A Gallery of Fluid Motion
Containing a collection of some of the most striking photographs of fluid motions, this text also includes digitally generated visualizations from computational simulations of flow phenomena, and animated visualizations.
TABLE OF CONTENTS A Gallery of Fluid Motion
Chapter 7: Free Surface Interaction
Laminar Jets Can Splash!
Mario Errico
University of California at San Diego
It has been observed that a liquid jet impinging on a solid surface can produce splashing. High-speed photography has revealed that, with a turbulent jet, splashing is related to the jet surface roughness. To investigate the importance of the jet shape on splashing, perturbations of known frequency or amplitude are imposed on the surface of a smooth laminar jet.
Figure 1
The top picture shows the unperturbed smooth jet as it spreads radially on the solid surface. The varicose deformations imposed on the jet surface alter the flow quite dramatically (center picture). As we further increase the amplitude of the oscillations, splashing starts suddenly. The bottom picture shows the beauty and complexity of splashing.
| Keywords | forced jet; atomization; jet impingement. |
Impacting Water Drops
Bill Peck and Lorenz Sigurdson
University of Alberta
The four photographs shown here are representative of a series which recorded the structure and evolution of the vorticity generated by a water drop impacting a free surface of water in a container. The 2.8 mm diam water drop was dyed with fluorescein and released from the tip of a hypodermic needle under specific parameters, We=26, Fr =25. [1] The Weber number ( ? U 2 d/ ?) and Froude number ( U 2/ gd) are based on drop diameter d, impact velocity U, and surface tension ?.
Figure 1 is photographed from the side and slightly below the...
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