TABLE OF CONTENTS Philip C.Kennedy and Jane W.Wheeler
CDM
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Environmental impacts must be considered at several junctures in the planning and design of a water treatment plant project. First, as described in Chapter 23, environmental issues play an important role in site selection. Once the site is selected and design commences, plant and site design must incorporate environmental controls that will minimize the impacts to the human and natural environment during plant construction and operation.
This chapter presents an overview of the environmental issues associated with plant construction and operation, describes general permitting requirements, and discusses the integration of environmental review into permitting, design, construction, and operation. This framework will enable the design engineer to be cognizant of the basic environmental review steps and to incorporate them in the planning and design phases of the project, before construction begins. Table 24.1 is a list of possible environmental review steps in a typical project.
| Project phase | Environmental review | |
|---|---|---|
| Planning | ||
| Site selection | Environmental siting criteria consideration of resource protection areas | |
| Public hearings | Preliminary impact assessments | |
| Initial approvals | State or municipal level environmental impact regulations | |
| Design | ||
| Technical design | Development of design criteria | |
| Permits and approvals | Impact assessments and development of mitigation measures | |
| Bidding | ||
| Bid documents | Incorporation of permit conditions and performance standards into bid documents | |
| Construction | ||
| Facility construction | Environmental monitoring and reporting | |
| Operations | ||
| Facility operations | Environmental monitoring and reporting | |
| Maintaining permit compliance |
