Sensors, Transducers and Detectors Reference Materials
Technical Articles
Reference Articles 301 - 400 of 3093
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How to Properly Select a Positive Displacement Flow Meter?
Description: When selecting a positive displacement flow meter, it's crucial to match the meter to your application's specific needs, balancing accuracy, fluid characteristics, and system pressure. Proper ...
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Case Study: LAND Enables the Expansion of Advanced Steam Reformer Temperature Monitoring for Enhanced Efficiency at Spanish Refinery
From: LANDDescription: LAND® has facilitated the adoption of the optimal high-resolution thermal imaging solution for a Spanish refinery's steam methane reformer furnace ...
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How to Deal with Typical Faults of Electromagnetic Flow Meters
Description: Learn how to troubleshoot common issues with electromagnetic flow meters, including no signal output, weak or unstable readings, and inaccurate flow values. Practical checks and solutions help restore ...
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How to Select the Right Level Sensor for Tanks
Description: Choosing the right tank level sensor depends on many factors-from liquid properties to installation constraints. This guide simplifies the selection process by comparing top technologies like radar, ...
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How to Detect Water in Fuel by Water in Fuel Level Sensor?
Description: Easily monitor fuel quality with a water-in-fuel level sensor. Help prevent engine issues caused by water contamination in fuel systems. ...
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How to Choose Ultrasonic Open Channel Flow Meters
Description: Learn key tips for selecting ultrasonic open channel flow meters based on different weir and channel types. Understand how range selection and proper installation conditions affect measurement ...
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CGA GC6.14 Safety Requirements for Carbon Dioxide Handling and Monitoring
From: CO2Meter.comDescription: Learn what CGA GC6.14 means for CO2 gas safety and understand how CO2Meter's gas monitoring safety systems can help your facility stay compliant with the latest safety storage and handling standards. ...
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Weigh Module - Systems Handbook Engineering Guidelines for Customized Scales
From: METTLER TOLEDODescription: This handbook is intended as a guide to selecting and applying METTLER TOLEDO weigh modules for process weighing applications. It provides the scientific data and accepted guidelines needed to help ...
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Top Tips for Flow Meters: Improving Process Efficiency and Cost Savings with Clamp-on Flow Meters
Description: Measurement of fluid materials is a key metric for numerous sectors of many different industries, and advances in flow measurement are helping these parts of the industry in various ways. ...
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How to Calibrate a Stack Gas Monitoring System
From: Environics, Inc.Description: Components of a Stack Gas Monitoring System ...
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Why Accurate Gas Calibration Matters for CEM Systems (and How to Get It Right)
From: Environics, Inc.Description: Why Accuracy in Calibration Is Non-Negotiable ...
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PID Controller Basics
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: Temperature is the most widely measured variable in the world, and humans have been doing it for hundreds of years using various methods. But measuring temperature isn’t always the most ...
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No-Brainer - Temperature Transmitters
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: When measuring temperature with a traditional thermocouple or RTD, the measurement point can be quite a distance away from the control system where the signal needs to go for monitoring and control. ...
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Thermocouple Basics
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: Thermocouples are used to measure temperature in almost everything you can think of. From the engine in your car to the thermostat in your house, thermocouples help us monitor and control temperature ...
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A Unique Thermocouple to Measure Temperatures
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: This paper describes the features of a special family of high performance thermocouples, which can measure these transient temperatures with millisecond response times and under the most severe ...
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Selecting the 'Right' Thermocouple
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: Used every day by most processors, thermocouples tend to be taken for granted. Many processors don't know the range of types available or how to make the optimum selection for the job. Here's one ...
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Vibration Test Machine: Systems, Standards & Applications
Description: In the realm of product testing and quality assurance, vibration test machines represent a critical tool, tasked with ensuring that components and systems can withstand real-world environmental ...
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How to Measure Liquid Level in Dented Vessels?
Description: When measuring liquid levels in dented vessels, irregularities in shape can affect height-based measurements. Solutions include using the HPT604-LT submersible level sensor, which calculates both ...
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Case Study: LAND® Selected by Large Ethylene Producer to Install High Definition Thermal Imagers on Steam Crackers
From: LANDDescription: LAND® SELECTED BY LARGE ETHYLENE PRODUCER TO INSTALL HIGH DEFINITION THERMAL IMAGERS ON STEAM CRACKERS ...
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Case Study: LAND® Helps Metals Industry Plant Designer Increase Tapping System Safety and Control
From: LANDDescription: LAND® HELPS METALS INDUSTRY PLANT DESIGNER INCREASE TAPPING SYSTEM SAFETY AND CONTROL ...
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Case Study: Steam Methane Reformer TWTs with High Resolution Thermal Imaging
From: LANDDescription: DEMONSTRATING THE BENEFITS OF HIGH-RESOLUTION THERMAL IMAGING FOR STEAM METHANE REFORMER TEMPERATURE MONITORING ...
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How LAND's Technology Shapes the Future of Glass Manufacturing
From: LANDDescription: The challenges facing glass manufacturers are multifaceted, from energy efficiency and emissions reduction to ensuring consistent product quality. LAND's technology plays a vital role in addressing ...
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What is Emissivity?
From: LANDDescription: All objects emit infrared radiation, but some emit more than others. Emissivity is a measure of a material's ability to radiate energy. ...
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The 1st Step to Steam Cracker Optimisation is Reliable Data
From: LANDDescription: As someone who is deeply involved in helping the petrochemical industry improve both safety and production yield, I know how crucial it is to optimise steam cracker furnaces. ...
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Split Core CT Sensors & Its Advantages
Description: Split core current transformers (CTs) are a popular choice for energy monitoring systems due to their many advantages over traditional CTs. Here are a few key benefits of using split core CT sensors ...
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How do Air Pumps Work?
Description: Air pumps are devices used to move or compress air, commonly employed in various applications such as aquariums, HVAC systems, industrial processes, and inflating objects. While the exact working ...
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Integration of Gas Analyzer Systems
Description: Selecting the appropriate detection technology is crucial when integrating a gas analyzer into an industrial process. ...
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How to Prevent Water Hammer from Damaging Pressure Sensors?
Description: Pressure sensors in pipelines can be damaged by sudden pressure surges. Understanding system dynamics and using durable components like ceramic sensors with protective dampers can reduce failure ...
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How to Monitor Water level in Reservoir in Apartment Building by WSN Network
Description: A modern apartment complex upgraded from outdated water monitoring to a smart wireless solution using Holykell LoRa sensors. The system delivers accurate, real-time water level data, reduces costs, ...
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How to Eliminate Interference of Radar Level Sensors?
Description: Learn practical steps to improve radar level transmitter accuracy. This guide helps identify and reduce signal interference from environmental and installation factors, ensuring more reliable ...
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Counting the Costs of Smart Sensor Ownership
From: BinMaster, Inc.Description: Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is important to calculate and consider when choosing level sensors for your worksite. Read the details in this whitepaper from BinMaster. ...
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How to Calibrate Electromagnetic Flowmeters
Description: Ensure measurement precision with proper magmeter calibration. This guide outlines key setup steps, calibration techniques, and post-process tips to maintain accuracy, reduce drift, and extend ...
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4 Reasons to Invest in a Meter Repair Program
From: McCrometer, Inc.Description: New is always better, right? Not exactly. New can be expensive, unnecessary, and harder to get company approval for purchase. So when your flow meter needs maintenance, upgrades, or just a good ...
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Learn About Flow Meters - What are they and How do they Work?
From: McCrometer, Inc.Description: From agriculture, to manufacturing, to the oil and gas sector, and beyond, flow meters play a vital role in ensuring safe, reliable operations of critical liquid and gas infrastructure. You must be ...
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Electromagnetic Flow Meters: A Complete Guide
From: McCrometer, Inc.Description: Electromagnetic flow meters (mag meters) are volumetric flow meters that use electromagnetic induction, based on Faraday's Law, to measure the velocity of conductive liquids such as water and slurry. ...
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Learn About Differential Pressure Flow Meters
From: McCrometer, Inc.Description: Accurately measuring the flow of liquid, steam, or gas is often a difficult challenge for engineers who must contend with a hazardous flow environment, multiple pump inputs, and diverse infrastructure ...
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Cooling Tower Basics and How to Get Peak Performance
From: McCrometer, Inc.Description: This article explains cooling tower fundamentals, including how evaporative cooling systems work and their applications across industries like power generation, food and beverage processing, and ...
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The Pressure Connection
Description: Wellsite accidents can be attributed to various causes such as overpressure conditions. A wellknown international insurance company addresses the daunting subject of ‘planning for an oil and gas ...
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How to Handle Physical and Chemical Corrosion in Industrial Instruments
Description: Corrosion is a major challenge in industrial instruments, affecting accuracy and durability. This article explores the types of corrosion-physical, chemical, and electrochemical-and effective ...
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How to Fix Magnetic Flowmeter Black Screen or White Screen
Description: Learn how to troubleshoot black or white screen issues with your magnetic flowmeter. This guide covers common causes such as power problems, voltage instability, display malfunctions, and system ...
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Can AI Technology Be Applied to Vibration Tables? A Comprehensive Discussion
Description: This article explores integrating AI into high-frequency vibration tables by examining its impact on smart control, real-time data analysis, and multi-axis coordination while questioning its full ...
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Dynamic Performance and Optimization Strategies for High-Frequency Vibration Tables in Environmental Testing
Description: This paper provides an in-depth analysis of high-frequency vibration tables for environmental testing, emphasizing dynamic performance, load compensation, and advanced control strategies to enhance ...
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Preventing Motor Overheating: Common Causes and Effective Solutions
Description: Motor overheating is a common issue that can lead to significant equipment damage and downtime if not addressed promptly. It is caused by various factors that impact the motor's mechanical, ...
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Cut Out the Noise - The Importance of Common Mode Rejection (CMR) in High-Voltage Transducers
From: Knick Interface LLCDescription: Common Mode Rejection (CMR) is a critical factor in ensuring accurate and reliable measurements in high-voltage transducers, particularly in the presence of common mode noise caused by external ...
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Vehicle Scale Accuracy - What You Need to Know
From: METTLER TOLEDODescription: When you consider the cost of your goods and materials, even seemingly small weighing errors can be of considerable value when multiplied by the number of trucks you process each day, week or year. ...
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QbD and Weighing - Integrating Weighing Process Data
From: METTLER TOLEDODescription: Integration of weighing processes into a manufacturing and management system is essential for consistent monitoring and control of quality-critical attributes. In a Quality-by-Design-ba sed approach, ...
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Select the Right Sensor-BinMaster's Level Sensor Technology Guide
From: BinMaster, Inc.Description: The right sensor can maximize cost savings and bulk inventory efficiency. The wrong one may lead to errors and headaches. Skip the confusion with BinMaster's guide. ...
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4 Best Gas Safety Systems for Beverage, Industrial Safety
From: CO2Meter.comDescription: Since being a restaurant owner, brewer, indoor grower, or industry professional can have its own challenges - we decided to do the heavy lifting for you and compare the best monitors out there. After ...
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Advanced Study and Technological Optimization of High-Frequency Vibration Tables in Product Reliability Testing
Description: This study analyzes high-frequency vibration tables for reliability testing, focusing on multi-axis coordination, smart control, and advanced data acquisition. Significant performance improvements ...
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What is a Servo Motor?
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: How encoders are used on servo motors ...
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How Motor Thermal Protection Prevents Costly Failures
Description: Discover key protection methods-thermal relays, sensors, and electronic controls-to extend motor life and ensure safety. ...
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Ultrasonic Hydrogen Gas Meters
Description: Given that it does not emit carbon emissions, hydrogen is garnering attention as a clean energy resource in order to achieve carbon neutrality, an ambition of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). ...
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Laser RADAR for Non-Contact Ground Vibration Tests
From: Ommatidia LiDARDescription: Ommatidia LiDAR’s Q1 and Q2 Laser RADAR systems offer a revolutionary approach to Ground Vibration Testing by enabling non-contact, high-resolution measurements of structural vibrations. Unlike ...
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Avoid These Common Misconceptions Regarding OPC UA and Weighing
From: METTLER TOLEDODescription: The OPC UA communication standard allows for the definition of Companion Specifications. Users of these Specifications benefit from even easier OPC UA integration and interoperability. However, there ...
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Easily Measure Tilt with Your SDI Accelerometer
From: Silicon Designs, Inc.Description: SDI’s analog ±2G surface mount accelerometers, as well as all SDI modules built with them, have the low noise performance necessary for measurement accuracy in tilt applications. In the ...
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Quickly Check Calibration on Your Accelerometer
From: Silicon Designs, Inc.Description: All Silicon Designs DC accelerometers use MEMS capacitive sensing technology and respond to the Earth's gravity. This makes it very easy to verify the calibration because they will show approximately ...
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Leading Cause of Error in Temperature Measurement
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: All contact type of temperature sensors such as thermocouples, RTD's, thermistors, bi-metallic thermometers, etc. are subject to an error we call the “STEM EFFECT' (SE). When a probe is immersed ...
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How to Improve Quality Control
From: SICKDescription: Having effective systems setup for quality control allows manufacturers to maintain uniformity in product quality, which is essential for customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. By doing this, it ...
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Boosting Efficiency and Quality in EV Battery Production
From: SICKDescription: Electric vehicle (EV) battery traceability is crucial for ensuring quality, safety, and scalability in production. ...
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Advantages of igh-precision magnetic measurement systems in robotics
From: BOGEN Magnetics GmbHDescription: Magnetic measurement systems are the superior choice for engineers and automation specialists looking for high precision, reliability, and cost efficiency. Whether in robotic arms, grippers, or linear ...
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The Crucial Role of Medical Oxygen Sensors in Healthcare Safety
Description: From ventilators to home therapy, discover how oxygen sensors ensure accurate oxygen delivery for patient safety and effective treatment. ...
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Applications of thermal protector for motor in motor industry
Description: Thermal protectors are vital components in the motor industry, playing a key role in ensuring the longevity, safety, and efficiency of various types of motors. These protectors are designed to monitor ...
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Doppler Effect & Laser Vibrometry: Advanced Vibration Testing
From: Ommatidia LiDARDescription: In industries like automotive and manufacturing, testing for noise and vibration is essential for quality and safety. But how do you measure vibrations without touching the object? One method is laser ...
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Electrical Isolation Specifications: A Closer Look Into a High-Voltage Transducer Datasheet
From: Knick Interface LLCDescription: When selecting a voltage transducer, understanding the detailed specifications of isolation is crucial to ensure safety, reliability, and optimal performance. In this article, we'll explore key ...
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A Comparative Study on Testing of Wide-Range Angles Precision 2-axis Digital Angular Measuring Instrument.
Description: This paper presents a comparative study on using rotary table, sine bar and fixed angle jigs to test precision wide-range angle 2-axis digital leveling instrument. ...
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Compact Low Cost Pressure Transmitter vs. Process SMART Pressure Transmitter
Description: A compact pressure transmitter employs various technologies, such as piezoresistive, thick film ceramic, and thin film metal pressure transmitters. These sensors transform physical pressure ...
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Thermal Runaway Sensor Advances Improve Regulatory Compliance
From: Churod Americas, Inc.Description: A new generation of pressure sensor technology brings new features to EV battery protection and emerging requirements ...
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Clamp-on Type Current Transformer in the Application of Household PV-ESSC System
Description: A clamp-on CT is a type of current transformer that can be easily attached around the conductor (such as a wire) without needing to disconnect or alter the electrical circuit. This design makes them ...
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Thermal Flow Meter with Multi-Calibration Groups Simplifies Portable Monitoring System for Flare Gas Units
Description: Natural gas pipeline booster compressor stations require careful monitoring, maintenance and emissions reporting to ensure the safe, efficient and environmentally compliant processing and transport of ...
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Green Hydrogen (H2) From Renewables Using PEM Fuel Cells Relies on Accurate Liquid/Air Flow Monitoring Switches
Description: The design engineers at a European industrial equipment firm recognized early that their turnkey solution for a green hydrogen (H2) proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell electrolyzer would require ...
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HAPS and GAPS Proximity Sensors Article
From: Powell Electronics, Inc.Description: All aircraft need reliable, rugged proximity sensors to ensure that systems such as cargo loading, doors, flight controls, and landing gear, for example, work correctly and safely. Finding suitable ...
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The No-Brainer Guide to: Thermocouple Basics
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: This article explains the basics of how a thermocouple works, and provides historical background on temperature measurement in general. ...
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Optimising Steam Cracker Furnaces with Thermal Imaging
From: LANDDescription: The Role of Steam Cracker Furnaces ...
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Advanced Temperature Measurement in Heat Treatment Processes
From: LANDDescription: Heat treatment is essential for the targeted influencing of important material and surface properties, for example to soften a part, to harden its surface or to anneal stresses. ...
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Pressure Sensor Selection Guide - Key Factors to Consider
Description: With so many different pressure sensor models, accuracies, and features available from a variety of manufacturers, it's easy to get overwhelmed and choose an inappropriate pressure sensor model that ...
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The Revival of Analog Technology in Pressure Sensors
Description: Many modern MEMS pressure sensors have digital signal processing built in. The disadvantage: the integrated analog-to-digital converter ultimately determines the quality of the output signal. Pure ...
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Pressure Sensors in Pneumatic Environments
Description: When selecting a sensor, the key questions are: What is the application? What medium is the sensor exposed to? Not every sensor works reliably, especially in pneumatics: Since there is always a little ...
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Should I Use a Pressure Sensor or Mass Flow Sensor to Measure Flow?
Description: A common measurement task in medical and industrial applications is to measure volume or mass flow. It is important to know the pros and cons of various sensor technologies. There are two methods for ...
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Ceramic Pressure Sensors: Why, When and Where to Use Them
Description: A pressure sensor is a device to measure the pressure of gases and liquids. These sensors are used in a wide range of applications, from altitude sensing in rockets to pressure switching in water ...
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MEMS Mass Flow Selection Guide
Description: To meet specific application needs, a wide range of flow sensing technologies are now available for use in various industries. Commercially available MEMS (microelectromechanical system) flow sensors, ...
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Temperature Sensor Theory & Operation
Description: Temperature sensors are indispensable in many technical applications in order to obtain exact information about the temperature of a system. They play a decisive role in areas like climate technology, ...
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Pressure Sensor Theory of Operation
Description: Pressure sensors have very diverse applications requiring different properties. There are several technologies for measuring pressure. Depending on the scenario, the measured pressure may need to be ...
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Standard Operating Procedures for Gas Detection Monitors
From: CO2Meter.comDescription: A well-developed SOP should include detailed steps for proper installation, calibration, maintenance, and use of gas detection equipment. ...
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Water Flow Control And Line Stopping
From: Petersen Products Co.Description: Proper flow management and line stopping solutions are essential to operating efficiently and avoiding disruptions that could cost your business dearly. Any attempt at neglecting these requirements ...
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Why Regular Gas Line Pressure Testing is Essential for Safety
From: Petersen Products Co.Description: Importance of Regular Gas Line Pressure Testing ...
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Could Atmosphere CO2 Levels be Reduced by Planting Trees?
From: CO2Meter.comDescription: Could planting trees make enough difference to impact increased CO2 levels in our atmosphere? The idea seems simple enough, but probably not. Here's why. ...
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Thermal Protectors for Safe Photovoltaic Systems
Description: Reliable overheating protection for reactors and transformers in photovoltaic inverters, enhancing system safety, stability, and longevity. ...
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Thermal Protector for Water Pump Motors
Description: Thermal protector for water pump motors, automatically cuts off the power when the motor temperature becomes too high, preventing overheating and damage to the pump motor. ...
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In-Depth RTD Temperature Sensor Analysis: Accuracy & Applications
From: WATTCODescription: Resistance temperature detectors, or RTDs, are known for their accuracy and dependability in temperature measurements. RTDs are essential in many areas where accurate temperature measurement is ...
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Temperature Effects on Optical Encoders
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: In Optical Encoders, the item most affected by temperature is the output of the Light source. In most cases this is an LED. ...
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Bearing Encoder vs Modular Encoder - Making the Right Choice
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: A a comparison of Bearing Encoders vs Modular (Bearingless) Encoders for use in Brushless DC Motors. ...
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Calculating Output Frequency for Rotary Encoders
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: Here are three handy calculations for incremental rotary encoders: ...
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Preferred Wiring Methods for Optical Encoders
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: Preferred Wiring Methods for Optical Encoders ...
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Shunt Selection Guide
From: Isabellenhutte USADescription: Finding the perfect resistor is all about balance-between tech specs, application demands, and cost. The secret? A well-crafted data sheet. Read our latest white paper to help guide you through every ...
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Mold Temperature and Heat Flux Measurements during the Production of Glass Containers
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: Mold Temperature and Heat Flux Measurements During the Production of Glass Containers. ...
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When Thermocouples Fail
From: Nanmac CorporationDescription: Troubleshooting Thermocouple Failures in High-Temperature Applications ...
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Electric-Motor Thermal Protector
Description: A thermal protector for a motor is a safety device designed to prevent overheating and potential damage to the motor. ...
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What is a Rotary Encoder?
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: A rotary encoder is an electromechanical device that attaches to a motor/shaft assembly in order to accurately report the position, speed and acceleration of the rotary shaft. ...
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What is an Incremental Encoder?
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: An incremental encoder is an electromechanical device that measures changes in motion and direction. Incremental rotary encoders generate A/B digital output signals based on a specific number of ...
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What is An Optical Encoder?
From: Quantum Devices, Inc.Description: An optical encoder is an electro-mechanical motion sensor and feedback device consisting of an LED light source, a photodetector, and a disc with slot-like apertures. ...