Mechanical Components Reference Materials

Description: In any assembled component there are two ways to reduce the overall cost of the assembly: reduce the cost of the individual components or reduce the cost to assemble the components. The Coiled Pin is ...

Description: Assemblies made of plastic or other soft materials often rely on threaded metal inserts to secure fasteners and reinforce joints. Though stainless steel may be appropriate for use in some applications ...

Description: What is the real cost of a component? When sourcing a fastener this is often taken as the one that costs less. However, it is not that simple and it has been a question that SPIROL has answered for ...

Description: Coiled pin design is such that, diameter will be within specification over a minimum of 270° of the circumference. This design characteristic ensures that diameter at the seam will remain equal to, or ...

Description: It has been traditionally thought that passivation is the standard method of cleaning stainless steel; when in fact passivation is not a cleaning process at all. The passivation process removes any ...

Description: It is often quicker and less expensive to use a shim, a thin piece of metal or composite, to level a machine tool or make components fit together, than grinding and machining to make the same ...

Description: A "Spring Pin" is appropriately named by its ability to flex into a hole that is smaller than the pin's original (pre-installed) outside diameter. A Spring Pin's tendency to return to its original ...

Description: There has been a bit of confusion and concern regarding two requirements that have recently become enforced policies; RoHS and DFARS (The Berry Amendment). These two policies may confuse some, but for ...

Description: An attempt is made to analyze strain and stress of different types of pins in more detail than the conventional consideration of the shear strength offers. The analysis reveals that there are cases in ...

Description: To select the most cost-effective alignment component, Design Engineers must focus on required positional tolerances, cost of secondary operations (reaming/honing holes), overall assembly weight, ...

Description: Corrosion of stainless and carbon steel are very different. This paper will provide information regarding general attack or surface corrosion as this is often a primary consideration when selecting ...

Description: Even though the application requirements do not justify it, fasteners used in medical devices are usually specified as extremely tightly toleranced parts. In addition, due to the unfamiliarity of the ...

Description: This informative document analyzes the differences between heat and ultrasonic installation of Threaded Inserts into plastic assemblies. ...

Description: There are two primary types of hinges: 1) a free fit hinge has little to no friction or drag when the latch or handle is rotated. Hinge components are "free" to rotate independent of one another, and ...

Description: When proper design guidelines are followed, companies can take advantage of the many benefits that Spring Pins offer. They significantly reduce the total cost of the assembly, lower insertion forces ...

Description: When installing Coiled Spring Pins, it is important that the installation tool, often called a "quill", is large enough to cover the entire end of the Coiled Pin. The quill should be sized such that ...

Description: Amphibious assault vehicles are armored personnel carriers that transport troops and cargo from off-shore ships to in-land positions. During World War II, Allied forces used an amphibious landing ...

Description: Solving fastening problems is about controlling variables or eliminating potential causes that create an unwanted fastening event. Let's take a look at common unwanted fastening events. Cross ...

Description: Seals Eastern looks forward to continued gains in quality and efficiency by combining statistical and rheological techniques in the design and manufacture of engineered rubber products. ...

Description: This chapter reviews the behavior of a crosslinked elastomer in an engineered design, randomly or continuously loaded (as opposed to regular cyclic loading). Comparable real world service would be ...

Description: The solubility of a plasticizer in a polymer is governed by thermodynamic considerations well documented by numerous researchers. The effect of plasticizers on dynamic properties is less widely known. ...

Description: In the following sections, some of the features and benefits of DMRT are presented, relevant elements of rheology are defined, DMRT methods are explained, and some applications of DMRT to polymer ...

Description: The objective of this test program was to review the potential physical and chemical changes of four candidate elastomers in engine coolant service. ...

Description: A chemical analysis of the aging process of rubber. ...

Description: Polyurethane specs and design information. ...

Description: Elastomers in fuels, oils and other fluids are increasingly being tested (and subjected to) 3000 hour life tests. These tests are not only realistic but also overdue if we are building world-class ...

Description: It can be shown that elastomers have a more predictable swelling response in high-pressure supercritical gases than previously believed. This paper reviews environment interactions, emphasizing ...

Description: The objective of this test program was to review the potential physical and chemical ch anges of three popular "high-performance" oilfield materials in potassium formate over a relatively short time ...

Description: Explains the development, classification, and theory of fluoroelastomers. ...

Description: Two classes of fluoroelastomers, FKM and FEPM, are aged at 150°C in dry heat, ASTM reference engine oil and an organic acid based engine coolant. The test procedure, which uses unique component ...

Description: The objective of this study was to identify the primary mechanism which is responsible for a dramatic increase in HNBR hardness during long exposures to high temperatures in automatic transmission ...

Description: A study on the viscoelastic properties of HNBR was conducted after exposure to nucleophilic and basic constituents in automatic transmission fluids. ...

Description: As an important fabricator of precision molded rubber products, we had always understood that effective quality control depends on determination, hard work and the appropriate use of state-of-the-art ...

Description: Testing elastomers at low temperature. ...

Description: "Among elastomers commercially available, several are reasonably stable for prolonged periods at temperatures above 200*C (392*F); but at such temperatures, their strength characteristics are ...

Description: Nitrite rubber (NBR) has been the work-horse elastomer in oil & gas production for the past fifty years. As wells began producing increasing amounts of hydrogen sulfide through stimulation or ...

Description: Designing O-ring seals for low pressures is not simply a matter of reducing the amount of squeeze: it involves a delicate balancing of material hardness, dimensional tolerances, stress relaxation, and ...

Description: The science and specs behind different types of polymers. ...

Description: An analysis of rubber under strain from an engineering perspective. ...

Description: Sealing high pressure gases with elastomers is a problem as elastomers are essentially a supercondensed gas. The primary interactions (type of gas, heat, pressure) and secondary interactions (water, ...

Description: Sealing successes and failures in the oil and gas industry. ...

Description: Overview, use of, and conclusions about durometers. ...

Description: The solubility parameter concept, on first discovery appears to offer a rationalized approach for a simplified elastomer selection in various solvents. The original definitive book, "Solubility of ...

Description: Hydrofluorocarbon elastomers, ASTM designation D1418-FKM, are produced domestically by Dupont and 3M Company under the trade names of Viton and Fluorel. FKM elastomers have been extensively studied, ...

Description: If a seal leaks for no apparent reason, or shows cracks and blisters, it could be reacting with the fluid it's sealing. This problem is especially severe if the fluid has a molecular structure similar ...

Description: Converting a high-volume compression-molded bonded seal to an injection-molded process requires dramatically different rheological and curing properties of the elastomer formulation. Shear rates are ...

Description: To more completely appreciate the challenges of successful oilfield elastomer formulation we will briefly review the operating environment. Energy production has moved from the relatively benign ...

Description: Fluoroelastomers are characterized by excellent heat stability, thus suitable for sealing applications where high temperature performance is required. However, thermal excursions, defined as ...

Description: This paper concern the theory and practice of vulcanization - the process of adding crosslinks to long-chain molecules. ...

Description: According to the National Association for Hose and Accessories Distribution (NAHAD), chemical compatibility describes the degree to which one material can contact another without an adverse change in ...

Description: A low key "snap" solved the problem of a metal-on-metal roar, secured a safety perimeter around thrashing robots, and defeated steel screws in a mushroom vs. thread competition. ...

Description: Faulty or leaky door seals make it harder for refrigerators and freezers to keep contents cold. Motors work overtime, running continuously and increasing energy usage and wear. Increased costs aren't ...

Description: In the early 1900s, industrial technology around the world was developing rapidly. Engineers were hard at work, deploying the latest technological innovations to improve a wide array of products. Such ...

Description: Incorporated in July 1923, Ramsey Products will soon celebrate 90 years of silent chain innovation. Throughout its history, Ramsey has worked in partnership with customers to develop and improve its ...

Description: Selecting the best elastomer for an application involves being able to answer many questions. That may seem overwhelming at first but the best place to begin is with existing information. Look for a ...

Description: Throughout its entire lifespan, a bolt is in constant battle against settlement, relaxation and creep, with the slightest loosening or slackening having potentially devastating results. ...

Description: When JCB, the global manufacturer of construction machines, identified a need for a steep improvement in the performance of their hydraulic cylinder sealing systems, ...

Description: Use these tables below to work out which materials best suit your specific system and operating environment. ...

Description: When the medical industry chooses a sealing supplier, buyers want to work with solutions providers instead of salespeople. By selecting a partner instead of a provider, medical device manufacturers ...

Description: Agricultural gripping conveyor chains: suitable for walking wheat, rice harvester and set-motorized rice and wheat thresher, semi-feeding combine harvester. Hollow pin chain: transportation, ...

Description: Agricultural chain: suitable for field machinery such as hand tractor, thresher, combine harvester. This chain is low cost but can withstand impact and abrasion resistance, in addition, the chain ...

Description: A prospective customer approached the Field team with a request for a quote on a fastener. Prior to quoting the fastener, Field requested to walk the customer's production floor to review the ...

Description: The decision on where to buy from may seem trivial considering the commoditized nature of fasteners, but the capabilities and approach your fastening partner uses impacts all facets of your ...

Description: Silent conveying chains are used extensively in the transportation of glass bottles and jars. In most production settings, efforts made to prolong conveyor chain life can yield significant cost ...

Description: How a $25 invenstment now can prevent tens of thousands of dollars in unplanned downtime. While the cost of linear bearings is low, their performance is essential to the accuracy, repeatability and ...

Description: The formula for determining the equivalent operating load (Feq) is important. Many engineers will just use the nominal operating load (F) when calculating the life of a ball screw but in extreme cases ...

Description: Simriz® is a family of Perfluoroelastor compounds developed solely by Simrit and designed to provide superior chemical resistance and thermal stability. Simriz possesses the resilience of an ...

Description: All air bearings ride on a thin film of gas which provides lubrication. In the case of aerodynamic or self-acting bearings, the air film is created by the relative motion of two mating surfaces ...

Description: Rings usually have two load statistics, thrust load capacity based on ring shear and thrust load capacity based on groove yield. The lower of these two theoretical values is the thrust load capacity ...

Description: SAE 1060-1090 Carbon Steel and PH 15-7 MO Stainless react differently to nitric acid. A drop of nitric acid placed on carbon steel will cause the steel to become dark in color. When placed on ...

Description: Retaining rings are installed by compressing into a bore (for internal rings) or expanding over a shaft(for external rings). This compression or expansion is normal and should not affect ring ...

Description: Clean the surface of the circlip with a cloth to remove oil and other residues from production process. Ensure that anvil faces are clean then set the micrometer at zero using the ratchet before ...

Description: PH15-7 grade stainless steel is categorized as a Precipitation Hardened ("PH") grade of stainless. The PH grades are used to allow fabrication in the soft, annealed condition, with subsequent ...

Description: Retaining Rings are precision engineered components that are designed to be applied on shafts or in bores and provide a shoulder that accurately positions, locates and retains other parts of an ...

Description: Replacement of an Expensive and Unnecessary Patch Leads to a 63% Reduction in Fastener Costs ...

Description: Field Initiated Engineering Review and Product Redesign Yields $170,000 in Cost Savings ...

Description: Regardless of its construction, a shield will be only as immune to induced noise as its effectiveness provides. This means that the shield will "intercept" and/or deflect magnetic or electrical fields ...

Description: The range of pitch sizes can vary between 4mm, (0.158 inch) to 114.3mm, (4.500 inch). They are characterised by a large pin diameter, especially for the larger pitch sizes. This results in better wear ...

Description: When design engineers specify fasteners for product assemblies, systems or structures, they typically calculate the preload required for each bolted joint, then choose fasteners to meet those ...

Description: Most fasteners are tightened using traditional methods, such as manual torque wrenching, pneumatic impact wrenching, or automatic torque cutoff tools. As a result of this trend, a common question ...

Description: Producers of glass bottles and jars can often achieve significant gains in production by improving the operation of conveying chains on IS machines and cross conveyors. William Hall discusses eight ...

Description: WHAT IS "STAINLESS" STEEL? By "stainless" is generally meant a large group of types of steel which contain at least 12% chromium (Cr) and often additions of other alloy substances, for example, nickel ...

Description: I...L *' Rust damage on products costs large sums every year, and can also cause breakdowns through various kinds of corrosion weakening sup porting structures. There are therefore strong reasons to ...

Description: Most polymeric items including vulcanized rubber and other elastomers tend to change their properties during storage and may become unserviceable. This may be due to hardening, softening, cracking, ...

Description: Many parameters can be used to describe surface finishes and these are explained in ISO 4287 and ISO 4288. Those in most common use in the fluid power industry include: Ra, which is defined as the ...

Description: 5 ways to choose the best linear guide for your application from the DryLin® W toolkit ...

Description: Plastic bearing linkages have some unique features and benefits that other solutions do not offer. ...

Description: Classification and Characteristics of Rolling Bearings ...

Description: Here are the top four reasons for replacing PTFE-lined bushings with plastic bushings, which offer more design flexibility. ...

Description: Linear rails typically come in lengths between six and 12 feet, but customers often ask: is it possible to make rails longer by butting them together? The answer is yes. ...

Description: A leading producer of glass jars for food products was challenged by its customer to produce higher quality, blemish free containers. Specifically, the customer wanted to reduce the size and number of ...

Description: In rotating and turntable applications using a slewing ring bearing, the component used to drive the system is important. ...

Description: "Made in the USA" is a traditional mark and label used by many bearing manufacturers. This statement however can be misleading. In today's highly competitive marketplace many manufactures seek ...

Description: NPB Bearings: * miniature & instrument * ball bearings * aerospace bearings * spherical plain * nu & nx bearings * thin section bearings * bearing tools * needle bearings The performance of ball ...

Description: NPB Bearings: * miniature & instrument * ball bearings * aerospace bearings * spherical plain * nu & nx bearings * thin section bearings * bearing tools * needle bearings For most ball bearing ...

Description: Sometimes the best way to selecting the right component for an application is to base your choice on what it needs to do. In other words, start with the motion or action required of the operator, ...

Description: In the nearly 150 years since plastic materials were conceived, these man-made materials have evolved into countless types for every possible use. Below is information on a few categories of plastic ...

Description: Leveling devices are also known as leveling feet, leveling mounts, leveler bolts, antivibration pads, antivibration mounts, Level-It mounts, Level-It pads, machinery mounts, levelers, leveling ...

Description: How do you insure the fasteners won't loosen in an application that is prone to vibration? Engineers frequently debate that question. Along with proper torque, common possible solutions boil down to ...

Description: Aluminum is an excellent material for machine components, offering many beneficial characteristics. Let's review the advantages and disadvantages of this metal that affect it's appropriateness in ...