TABLE OF CONTENTS Emission and vaporization are followed by dispersion of the vapour to form a vapour cloud.
Accounts of gas dispersion of particular relevance here include those given in Micrometeorology (O.G. Sutton, 1953), Atmospheric Diffusion (Pasquill, 1962a, 1974) Meteorology and Atomic Energy (Slade, 1968), An Evaluation of Dispersion Formulas (Anderson, Hippler and Robinson, 1969), Recommended Guide for the Prediction of the Dispersion of Airborne Effluents (ASME, 1969/1, 1973/2, 1979/4), Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates (D.B. Turner, 1970), Turbulent Diffusion in the Environment (Csanady, 1973) and Handbook on Atmospheric Diffusion (Hanna, Briggs and Hosker, 1982), and those given by Pasquill and Smith (1983).
Dispersion models used in the nuclear industry are described in the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Regulatory Guide 1.111 Methods for Estimating Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion of Gaseous Effluents in Routine Releases from Light-water-cooled Reactors (1974) and the NRC Regulatory Guide 1.145 Atmospheric Dispersion Models for Potential Accident Consequence Assessments at Nuclear Power Plants (1979a). The NRC has also published an account of the basis for Regulatory Guide 1.145 (1981 NUREG/CR-2260). Another nuclear industry dispersion model is A Model for Short and Medium Range Dispersion of Radionuclides into the Atmosphere by Clarke (1979 NRPB R91).
Work on dispersion is primarily concerned with the dispersion of pollutants from industrial chimney stacks. Most of the fundamental work on dispersion relates to this problem. There is, however, an increasing amount of work on dispersion of hazardous releases from process plant.
