World Scientific

Published by

World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA office: Suite 202, 1060 Main Street, River Edge, NJ 07661
UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
McDonald, David, 1947
Elements of applied probability for engineering, mathematics and systems science / David McDonald.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.

(alk. paper) ISBN 981-238-740-4 (pbk : alk. paper)
1. Probabilities. I. Title
QA273.M25 2004 2003064852
519 ?2 dc22

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.

For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher.

This book is dedicated to Nasrin, Omid and Sara.

I wish to thank my colleague, Professor Gail Ivanoff, for her support in adopting the preliminary version of this book for her course and for her many comments and corrections.

Successive generations of students taking SYS5120/Mat4371 at the...