Introduction to Mathematics with Maple

15.10: The Indefinite Integral

15.10 The Indefinite Integral

The function

(15.54)

is called the indefinite integral of f, or simply the indefinite integral. We shall study its properties in this section. Whatever we say or prove about F applies with little or no change to . If TX is a tagged division


then by we denote the tagged division


Lemma 15.1

If f is integrable on [ a, b], a ? c< d ? b and ? a gauge with the property that

(15.55)

then, if [13]

(15.56)

Proof

For ?>0 let ? 1 ? ? and ? 2 ? ? be gauges such that

(15.57)

tagged divisions SY ? ? 1 and UV ? ? 2 of [a, c] and [d, b], respectively. [14] The sum


is a Riemann sum for a ?-fine tagged division of f on [a, b]. Using (15.55) and (15.57) leads to


Sending ? ?0 gives Equation (15.56).

Theorem 15.20

If f is integrable on [a, b] then its indefinite integral is continuous on [a, b].

Proof

We prove continuity of F from the right at c, a ? c< b. Continuity form the left at a point which is not the left end-point of [a, b] is proved similarly. For ?>0 find a gauge ? such that

(15.58)

Obviously and there exists ?>0 such that f( c

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