TABLE OF CONTENTS A legal framework has to be established that provides for the regulation of nuclear activities and for the clear assignment of safety responsibilities. AR1,AR201 Legislative institutions should produce laws which assign the prime responsibility for safety to the operating organization and establish a regulatory body responsible for a system of licensing, for the regulatory control of nuclear activities and for enforcing the relevant regulations.
It is also very useful, although not done everywhere, for the legislative power of a country to define in general terms the safety level which nuclear installation should achieve in order to give the industrial organizations and the regulatory body general guidance in their activities. For example, the classes of nuclear installations, the orders of magnitude of the amount and the probability of the maximum accident release or consequences should be established at the top of the people's representation structure, with a balanced view of the risks and benefits to society.
The prime responsibility for the safety of the installation rests with the operating organization. It is responsible for establishing its safety criteria (which should be approved by the regulatory body) and for the compliance of the design, construction and operation of the installation with them and with relevant safety standards. Procedures and arrangements for the safe control of the installation under all conditions should also be established together with the maintenance of a competent and fully trained staff and for the control of fissile and radioactive materials utilized or generated.
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