TABLE OF CONTENTS In ways virtually unimaginable just a few decades ago, embedded systems are reshaping the way people live, work, and play. Embedded systems come in an endless variety of types, each exhibiting unique characteristics. For example, most vehicles driven today embed intelligent computer chips that perform value-added tasks, which make the vehicles easier, cleaner, and more fun to drive. Telephone systems rely on multiple integrated hardware and software systems to connect people around the world. Even private homes are being filled with intelligent appliances and integrated systems built around embedded systems, which facilitate and enhance everyday life.
Often referred to as pervasive or ubiquitous computers, embedded systems represent a class of dedicated computer systems designed for specific purposes. Many of these embedded systems are reliable and predictable. The devices that embed them are convenient, user-friendly, and dependable.
One special class of embedded systems is distinguished from the rest by its requirement to respond to external events in real time. This category is classified as the real-time embedded system.
As an introduction to embedded systems and real-time embedded systems, this chapter focuses on:
examples of embedded systems,
defining embedded systems,
defining embedded systems with real-time behavior, and
current trends in embedded systems.
Even though often nearly invisible, embedded systems are ubiquitous. Embedded systems are present in many industries, including industrial automation, defense, transportation, and aerospace. For example, NASA s Mars Path Finder, Lockheed Martin s missile guidance system, and the Ford automobile...
