Satellite Communications Systems, 3rd Edition

M. A. Kent
The majority of this book concentrates on satellite communication systems from a satellite communication engineering perspective. This Chapter addresses the issue from an overall network perspective in order to clarify what the network (and its services) expects from satellites and the implications which satellites have for network design.
The Chapter will be primarily concerned with main network services (such as telephony) where satellites have to compete/integrate with terrestrial facilities, rather than independent/specialised networks (such as broadcast television using satellites) where the characteristics of satellites are built into the service offering.
Analogue, PDH and SDH transmission, leased and switched analogue and ISDN services, and ATM transport will be considered. Certain network-specific equipment is also covered (for example, DCME).
There are two broad categories of telecommunication service, namely main network services and custom networks.
Those services carried on the main network, i.e. the network composed of a complex mix of switching and transmission to carry a variety of services (both switched and leased), are known as the main network services. Services in this category include:
voice;
voiceband data;
64 kbit/s digital data;
broadband.
Voice services are characterised from a transmission perspective by a bandwidth of 300 Hz to 3.4 kHz and by parameters such as noise, distortion, echo and delay.
Voiceband data enters the network in the same way as voice, i.e. via a 3.1 kHz channel. Various types of modem are used...