TABLE OF CONTENTS SI units are noted in [ ].
Transport phenomena deal with the transfer of momentum, mass, and heat in a fluid. In this chapter, we will deal with the fundamentals of momentum transfer only.
| Density( ?) = mass/volume, lb/ft 3 [kg/m 3] | ||
| Specific volume( ?) | = | 1/density, ft 3/lb [m 3/kg] |
| Specific weight( ?) | = | weight/volume = mass x acceleration due to gravity/volume |
| = | ?g/g c, lbf/ft 3[N/m 3] |
| Specific gravity of substance(s) | = | density of substance/density of water at 4 C |
| = | ?(lb/ft 3)/62.43 | |
| = | ?(kg/m 3)/1000 | |
| Specific gravity of gas relative to air | = | Molecular weight of gas/28.97 |
| Note |
Specific gravity is dimensionless. |
Some approximate densities at standard conditions:
Air: 0.08 lb/ft 3[1.3 kg/m 3]
Water: 62.4 lb/ft 3[1,000 kg/m 3]
Steel: 462 lb/ft 3[7,400 kg/m 3]
Mercury: 845 lb/ft 3[13,600 kg/m 3]
Viscosity is the physical property that characterizes the flow resistance of a fluid. Analogous to thermal conductivity in heat transfer, viscosity may be regarded as momentum conductivity in viscous flow.
For Newtonian fluids,...
