Fundamentals of Electromagnetics with MATLAB, Second Edition

Appendix A: Mathematical Formulas

A.1 Vector Identities

A, B, and C are vectors and a and b are scalars.

(A.1)
(A.2)
(A.3)
(A.4)
(A.5)
(A.6)
(A.7)
(A.8)
(A.9)
(A.10)
(A.11)
(A.12)
(A.13)
(A.14)
(A.15)

A.2 Vector Operations in the Three Coordinate Systems

Cartesian

(A.16)
(A.17)
(A.18)
(A.19)

Cylindrical

(A.20)
(A.21)
(A.22)
(A.23)

Spherical

(A.24)
(A.25)
(A.26)
(A.27)

A.3 Summary of the Transformations Between Coordinate Systems

Cartesian-cylindrical

(A.28)
(A.29)

Cartesian-spherical

(A.30)
(A.31)

Distance R = r 2 - r 1 in the three coordinate systems

Cartesian

(A.32)

Cylindrical

(A.33)

Spherical

(A.34)

A.4 Integral Relations

Divergence theorem

(A.35)

Stokes's theorem

(A.36)
(A.37)
(A.38)
(A.39)

Coordinate system

Cartesian ( x, y, z)

Cylindrical

Spherical ( r, ?, ?)

Unit vectors

u x u y u z

u ? u ? u z

u r u ? u ?

Differential length dl

dx u x

+dy u y

+dz u z

d ? u ?

+ ?d ? u ?

+dz u z

d r u r

+r d ? u ?

+rsin ?d ? u ?

Differential surface area ds

dy dz u x

dx dz u y

dx dy u z

?d ? dz u p

d ? dz u ?

?d ? d ? u z

r 2sin ?d ?d ? u r

rsin ?d rd ? u ?

rd rd ? u

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