Optical Shop Testing

Chapter 9 - Ronchi Test

9.1.   INTRODUCTION

Since its discovery and application to the testing of optical surfaces, the Ronchi test
has been used widely either in a qualitative or in a quantitative way. Also, because it
is simple to accomplish and easy to interpret the experimental observations, the
Ronchi test has almost always been conceptually interpreted from the point of view
of geometrical optics. Sections 9.2 and 9.5 reflect this point of view. However,
the author believed that a more comprehensive presentation of the two aspects of
the Ronchi test would provide a fuller view of the subject. These two aspects are
(a) the need for a quantitative analysis of the data and (b) the development of the
test from the point of view of the principles of physical optics and a comparison to
the geometrical approach (Toraldo di Francia, 1941a). Sections 9.3 and 9.4 are
devoted to these areas of study, respectively, and the need for mathematical treatment
in these two sections was unavoidable. Perhaps some readers would like to skip these
two sections (as can be done without losing continuity); others seeking a more
comprehensive treatment of the test will find this material interesting. Section 9.6 is
a brief review of some tests that can be related to the classical Ronchi test in
various ways.

With respect to the previous editions of this book, in the present one, the author
has added some corrections to the original equations, figures, and additional applications
and new references have been included.

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