A typical engineering scope of work, as it relates to the world of measurement and control, includes many interrelated activities. Often, a designer is required to assess the time required to do a job, and quite frequently that estimate is lower than the reality. In most cases, this is result of either "forgetting" to include some activities in the estimate or to reasons beyond the designer's control, such as vendor deliveries. In either case, additional time means schedule delays and extra money.

This appendix lists the activities encountered in a typical job and can be used as a memory jogger to avoid forgetting activities some of which are time consuming. The content of this appendix can also be used to list all activities with their individual estimated time, thus avoiding the famous, "Wow! You need all this time to do the job?!"

Documents that are generated evolve through a series of steps, from conceptual to a final asbuilt document. The complexity of this process depends on the plant's culture. Documents are first developed in a draft version that is sent for review. When the comments are received back, they are discussed and incorporated. The documents are then issued for use. When documents are received from outside sources such as vendors, contractors, and consulting firms, they are checked, commented on, and approved. The documents are revised while they go through their design cycle. After construction, a set of documents marked up by the installation crew is incorporated into an as-built condition.

Computer-aided...