IC Layout Basics: A Practical Guide

Glossary

A

active (diffusion)
A region of an integrated circuit where the thick field oxide has been thinned to allow the creation of semiconductor devices.
active device
A semiconductor device whose electrical response can be tailored to specific characteristics, typically transistors and diodes.
alternating current (AC)
Current that reverses direction in a circuit at a regular rate.
alternating waveform
The cyclic voltage waveform that swings both positively and negatively.
amperes (amps)
Unit of measure for current in the meter-kilogram-second system.
analog
From the word analogous, meaning representation. The signal remains unchanged, not digitized, as it passes through a circuit.
AND
Logic function defined as one that requires all inputs to be at a logic one in order for the output to be at a logic one. If any input is not at logic one, the function returns a logic zero.
annealing
Process of heating a wafer during semiconductor fabrication to repair the crystal lattice. This helps all atoms loosen and settle with each other, forming a more consistent structure. Byproducts can be a new oxide layer and diffused areas of previously concentrated material.
antenna effect
The phenomenon of charge buildup on polysilicon gates during the polysilicon etch process. If you have too much voltage on polysilicon that is used as a transistor Gate, the Gate oxide could become damaged and kill the transistor.
applied voltage
The voltage that has been applied across two points.
atom
Fundamental component of matter containing a nucleus surrounded by swirling electrons.

B

Base

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