Introduction to RF Stealth
Providing a new generation of designers with a firm and proven basis for new developments, this book presents and explains first order methods for the design of active and passive stealth properties.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction to RF Stealth
Chapter 4: Exploitation of the Environment
A significant part of stealth strategy is concerned with exploiting the environment in every way possible, consistent with the mission requirements. This consists of exploiting not only the natural environment (atmospheric attenuation, clutter, and so forth) but also the man-made environment [such things as the electronic order of battle (EOB) and electronic countermeasures (ECM)]. In the last part of this chapter, an example LPI-interceptor scenario analysis will be performed. This analysis shows the essential elements of most LPI mission assessments. In the third chapter, there was a survey of the performance and parameters of current intercept receivers. This chapter shows, among other things, that the environment limits passive and active detection of stealth platforms rather than raw sensitivity.
4.1 ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
There is a strategy for an emitter in the atmosphere that will enhance low intercept probability. Figure 4.1 shows one-way atmospheric attenuation as a function of operating wavelength. There are several different contributors to atmospheric attenuation at micro and millimeter wavelengths. The first significant contributor is water, which has a resonance near 1.33 cm ? 22.5 GHz). There is a second resonance near 0.16 cm ( ? 18 GHz) in the millimeter-wave band. The oxygen in the atmosphere also has several resonances that have high levels of attenuation. There is an oxygen resonance that is very strong at approximately 0.5 cm ( ? 60 GHz) and a second one at roughly 0.25 cm ( ? 118 GHz). These resonances are widened by atmospheric pressure, so...
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