Practical Energy Efficiency Optimization
Presenting basic information for optimizing power plants, this book uses review exercises and practical case studies to provide real-world applications on maintaining optimal efficiency.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Practical Energy Efficiency Optimization
Complex Fuel Mix Problem
In real-life situations, process industries import a variety of fuel oils for their consumption in process heaters/boilers to manufacture products. As mentioned in chapter 1, the energy input (fuel, steam, power, etc.) varies with the type of industry and the design factors. Consider a complex fuel mix problem, with a greater number of liquid fuels with varying sulfur levels.
Sulfurous fuels are comparatively cheaper in cost than clean fuel. Environmental regulations limit the SO 2 emission level from each heater/boiler. High-sulfur fuel will emit more SO 2 than a clean fuel. There is an economic balance between use of sulfurous fuel and reduction in fuel cost.
By use of LP models, it is possible to determine the maximum amount of sulfurous fuel that can be used by a fired heater/boiler, such that the emissions are constrained within allowable limits, at minimum fuel cost. This is a typical environmental problem faced by process industries.
Case Study 2-4:
A power boiler producing high-pressure steam (100 kg/cm 2g, 500 C) at the rate of 750 t/h is to be used in a steam turbine to generate power. The boiler uses three different types of liquid fuels: light fuel oil (LFO), heavy fuel oil (HFO), and extraheavy fuel oil (EHFO). Sulfur contents in the fuels are 0.5%, 1.5%, and 4.5% by weight, respectively. The costs of fuels LFO, HFO, and EHFO are $78, $65, and $58/t, respectively. Net calorific values of the three fuels are 9,800, 9,300, and...
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