Blowout and Well Control Handbook

Generally, the drillpipe pressure will stabilize within minutes after shut-in and is easily determined. In some instances, the drillpipe pressure may never build to reflect the proper bottomhole pressure, particularly in cases of long open-hole intervals at or near the fracture gradient coupled with very low productivities. When water is used as the drilling fluid, gas migration can be rapid, thereby masking the shut-in drillpipe pressure. In these instances, a good knowledge of anticipated bottomhole pressures and anticipated drillpipe pressures is beneficial in recognizing and identifying problems and providing a base for pressure control procedures.
A float in the drill string complicates the determination of the drillpipe pressure;however, it can be readily determined by pumping slowly on the drillpipe and monitoring both the drillpipe and annulus pressure. When the annulus pressure first begins to increase, the drillpipe pressure at that instant is the shut-in drillpipe pressure.
Another popular procedure is to pump through the float for a brief moment, holding the casing pressure constant, and then shut in with the original annulus pressure, thereby trapping the drillpipe pressure on the stand pipe gauge. An additional technique is to bring the pump to kill speed and compare the circulating pressure with the pre-recorded circulating pressure at the kill rate with the difference being the drillpipe pressure. Still another alternative is to use a flapper-type float with a small hole drilled through the flapper that permits pressure reading but not significant flow.