Electrical and Electronic Test Equipment Reference Materials

Description: Current mode control is one of the significant topologies in power electronics. This white paper details the principle of current mode control, how it is supposed to work, what topologies come closest ...

Description: Distributed power systems can oscillate, especially when driving one power supply with another power supply. The input and output impedances of a power supply can predict this oscillation. Download ...

Description: When discussing the stability of a power supply (or any system with negative feedback), we usually evaluate the phase margin as the primary indicator. Naturally, the question arises "How much phase ...

Description: This paper will explain clearly and simply what really happens in both conditionally and unconditionally stable feedback control systems, and how a loop attenuates with any gain other than unity. ...

Description: Blog post explores the impacts of the ESTi's multi-point thermal calibration on battery testing. ...

Description: Why are source-load impedance measurements necessary? This blog covers the basic equipment and setup to make voltage injection impedance measurements. ...

Description: Solving practical engineering problems in motion control using a frequency response analyzer (FRA) and SIAD software to tune the system. ...

Description: Why is stability analysis needed? This blog post walks through the top four reasons through figures and graphs. ...

Description: Controller capabilities are improving every day. In addition, with the costs of industrial automation technologies and control systems at an all time low, and increasingly robust control algorithms ...

Description: The Bode Box test is performed to verify that the injection transformer is working correctly using a Venable Frequency Response Analyzer FRA. It is basically a transfer function measurement that ...

Description: We have made it our goal to "think outside of the box" when it comes to designing new products for multiple uses. ...

Description: The automotive industry is a frequent user of electrical test accessories for automotive diagnostic testing. There are some features technicians and mechanics look for with their equipment accessories ...

Description: Information on insulation-piercing solutions, the different connection styles and features, and industry specific use ...

Description: Teaching materials regarding phase, voltage, circuits, power transfer, etc. ...

Description: Fixed and rotary-wing aircrafts are complex assemblies consisting of various electrical and mechanical components, which are all connected to form a sound mechanical structure. While mechanical ...

Description: As summer begins, photovoltaic, PV, panel installers, and servicepersons can realize significant benefits from using solar energy monitoring to prove to clients that the promised savings are really ...

Description: In terms of engine development and certification, there is a relationship emerging between proposed NOx regulations, Greenhouse Gas Regulations (GHG), and OnBoard Diagnostics (OBD) compliance. These ...

Description: Today's vehicle test lab is more complex than ever. At the same time, the demand for quality data, produced as quickly as possible, continues to grow. ...

Description: With encouragement from regulators, automakers and drivers alike, the automotive industry has made immense progress toward the electrification of passenger cars and light-duty vehicles in recent ...

Description: Upcoming green house gas regulations have created an industry-wide race to compliance. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, CARB's Zero Emission Vehicle production requirements, China 6 ...

Description: Batteries have gotten larger, more powerful, and far more complex as automotive OEMs expand their electrified fleet to meet impending global GHG (green house gas) regulations. A wide variety of ...

Description: When selecting equipment to use in potentially hazardous locations, things can get complicated quickly. Today we will be discussing the different standards for intrinsic safety as well as many terms ...

Description: A one-page description of how to obtain accurate temperature profiles using the short wavelength MCS640 thermal imager MCS640 ...

Description: Given consumer and corporate trends, products of all types are increasingly likely to incorporate electronics in the form of processors, memory chips, and various types of wireless communications. Any ...

Description: When testing electrical bonds, maintaining the integrity of the surface can be critical. The tips of your probes have a lot to do with preserving that surface finish and integrity. ...

Description: CAS DataLoggers is pleased to announce that they are now an authorized stocking distributor of the WattNode family of power and electrical energy meters. ...

Description: A major hotel chain in Shanghai, China was eager to install an automation system for the monitoring and control of numerous intelligent machine room operations such as electric power, air ...

Description: Measurements taken of engine test equipment during the developmental phase are fully automated using a Delphin DAQ system for precision and control. ...

Description: ADwin data acquisition and control systems can provide any waveform generation which is critical for electronic stimulus and response testing. ...

Description: Fundamentally, oscilloscopes are time-domain instruments: We use them to acquire signals from our circuitry or device under test, and the instrument displays them in the time domain. We see the ...

Description: Designing and/or troubleshooting a system with, say, an MCU driving signals across transmission lines, can be an interesting exercise in patience and diligent sleuthing. Perhaps you're seeing an ...

Description: The Teledyne LeCroy Motor Drive Analyzer is ideal for measuring dynamic (transient) losses to enable better understanding of motor and drive efficiencies during real-world operation. Additionally, the ...

Description: Few aspects of using an oscilloscope are as important as the probe: after all, the probe forms both the mechanical and electrical interfaces between the device under test (DUT) and the oscilloscope ...

Description: When it comes to reducing EMI problems, most coax cables behave the same. They are all just as good antenna for common currents to radiate and fail an FCC certification type test. It's not the cable ...

Description: Looking for a good, albeit very expensive, paperweight? Try using an oscilloscope without probes! Probes are often taken for granted but they are one of the most critical elements of the signal chain ...

Description: Noise within a circuit or system is, by most anyone's definition, the bane of the engineer's existence. It can be maddening to track down and even more so to solve. It can come from many different ...

Description: A uniquely challenging application requires a voltage data logger for troubleshooting UPS problems for Osage Energies, saving them time and money. ...

Description: Get started in your own voltage optimization application to help reduce energy consumption by monitoring with an Accsense Electrocorder. ...

Description: Applications: Impedance Products: MFIA ...

Description: A UPS monitoring system uses an Electrocorder to solve voltage problems and pinpoint power dropouts for the company's server computer and phone. ...

Description: High resolution is being extensively marketed across a broad range of high bandwidth oscilloscopes. Oscilloscope manufacturers use a variety of hardware and software design approaches to increase ...

Description: Teledyne LeCroy's Motor Drive Analyzer (MDA) provides three-phase power measurements comparable to a power analyzer using its eight 12-bit input channels. This brief summarizes how to correctly ...

Description: CAS DataLoggers is pleased to share with you this energy audit checklist and useful data logging tips learn how to optimize your energy usage and achieve long-term savings. ...

Description: Accurate time domain measurements such as PRI (pulse repetition interval) stagger during walkoff have not been possible using traditional frequency domain equipment. With the advent of ultra-high ...

Description: More than 90% of motor and motor-drive designs involve small, low-power motors and drives used in household, commercial, or light industrial applications. Such motors need not meet rigorous IEC or ...

Description: This application brief discusses the recommended methods and best practices for testing ESD (electrostatic discharge) pulses using real-time oscilloscopes. ...

Description: This application brief discusses the recommended methods, test configurations and best practices for electromagnetic interference radiated immunity testing using real-time oscilloscopes. ...

Description: There are many types of lighting devices including the familiar incandescent lamp, LED (light emitting diode), HID (high intensity discharge), fluorescent, and induction lamps. All of them can convert ...

Description: Let's examine the root causes of ground bounce, and also discuss some best design practices for avoiding it altogether. ...

Description: Many of today's approaches to build a quantum computer require the reliable generation of arbitrary microwave signals in the 4.5 to 9 GHz regime for qubit manipulation and readout. While signal ...

Description: Since the discovery of the Hall effect in 1879 by Edwin Hall, it has been widely applied in measurements, particularly in materials characterization and sensing. Today it is being used to characterize ...

Description: This application note explains how to use the Zurich Instruments MFLI, a 500 kHz/5MHz Lock-in Amplifier, to measure, stabilize and control the relative distance of two interferometer paths to ...

Description: In our latest Technical Article, CAS DataLoggers is here to outline how to configure a Series 3 dataTaker DT8x Data logger for runtime monitoring. ...

Description: Learn how one company is helping automakers connect people with their cars, using Radient colorimeters to support the development of illuminated USB connectivity modules. With the ProMetric® I ...

Description: Lock-in amplifiers were invented in the 1930's and commercialized in the mid 20th century as electrical instruments capable of extracting signal amplitudes and phases in extremely noisy environments. ...

Description: Quantum computing promises an advance in numerical processing power over classical computing by exploiting quantum physical phenomena. Present day experimental work in this field focuses on improving ...

Description: Ensuring that hardware conforms with the relevant electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) regulations is an important part of any electronic design project. As initially all the focus tends to be on ...

Description: Recently a Power Company approached us with certain requirements for two different test lead options. Their field technicians had various Fluke meters, some accepting shrouded plug and some that did ...

Description: Test probes used in production testing will eventually get dirty enough to cause contact problems. The following steps will eliminate contact problems caused by dirty probes. ...

Description: A test point is a small metal terminal used as a connection point to test circuitry on printed circuit boards (PCBs). Typical PCB test points are wire formed loops surrounded by colored insulators. ...

Description: As manufacturers design new products, they are challenged to make very certain that the product is safe. For some companies, this means simply being able to pass safety standards. But for some, more ...

Description: Initially invented by the General Radio Corporation of Cambridge, MA, binding posts are commonly used in test fixtures for wire termination. ...

Description: Are you monitoring your battery impedance based on initial or average measurements? If your answer is the latter, you may be putting your battery performance at risk when it's needed the most - during ...

Description: The 108A-6 equipped with Option 03, (6 analog inputs, 2 digital inputs, and 12 outputs) performs all required measurements for motor testing. ...

Description: Controlling thermal test by directly monitoring environment or device temperature with a secondary, controlled temperature sensor. ...

Description: A recent customer required special a multiple hook-up in series. While this isn't a product listed in our standard category - we were able to put this together for our client with little delay. ...

Description: Now that we know everything there is to know about battery chemistry, except for Tafel curves, ion diffusion, Randles equivalent cells, etc., let's move on to battery construction. A battery must have ...

Description: WHAT IS "Good" insulation? Every electric wire in your plant - whether it's in a motor, generator, cable, switch, transformer, etc. - is carefully covered with some form of electrical insulation. The ...

Description: Testing the quality of the grounding system has been a critical part of any electrical maintenance program for many years. Ground electrodes are used to provide a safe path to earth for the ...

Description: Oils that combine a high flashpoint with high dielectric strength have long been used as an insulating medium in transformers, switchgear and other electrical apparatus. To ensure that the dielectric ...

Description: Introduction OSHA 1910.399 defines a ground fault circuit interrupter, or GFCI, as "a device whose function is to interrupt the electric circuit to load when a fault current to ground exceeds some ...

Description: Stationary battery systems are among the most critical substation assets and are often the most overlooked. Recent changes to the North American Electric Re liability Corporation's (NERC's) Protection ...

Description: Anyone who has benefi ted from the advancements made in ultrasound testing will agree that this technology is no longer just for leak testing. It is a complimentary companion technology to vibration ...

Description: Looking beyond the acronyms and buzz words may be our best and only chance at discovering the true meaning of our Condition-Based Maintenance journey ...

Description: There's lots of talk about the benefits of implementing CBM and the positive impact that condition monitoring technologies like ultrasound testing can have. It seems we all have a good grasp of what ...

Description: We were recently reminded of a quote from Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes: "It is always dangerous to reason from insufficient data." In Part 3 of Establishing Ultrasound as a Pillar of Your ...

Description: Processing steel requires big energy and heavy duty electrical systems. But just one electrical component failure will grind steel production to a halt costing manufacturers with huge losses in time ...

Description: BMZ is one the largest European suppliers involved in the design and manufacture of specialist custom made battery systems for mobile power applications. ...

Description: Describes the basic dynamic signal analysis theory including Fourier Transform, data windowing, linear spectrum, power spectrum, cross spectrum, FRF and coherence, averaging, transient capture and ...

Description: Knowing what's happening inside a fuel cell is a critical function, especially as fuel cells are continuing to be developed. One important aspect of this is to measure the voltage of each cell in a ...

Description: One of the most commonly used instruments in industrial maintenance is an insulation resistance tester. Since insulation breakdown can cause production loss and is a safety hazard, industrial ...

Description: There are many applications (contactors, motors, transformers etc.) where the resistance measurements yields values below 1.0 Ohm. The issues associated with this type of measurement are listed below. ...

Description: The making of a decision is an important part of the process, as why we are making the measurements can aid us in how we represent the measurement, complexity of the measurement method and required ...

Description: Due to differences in testing standards across the globe it is becoming increasingly important for manufacturers to ensure that their products are safe for consumer and industrial use. What was once a ...

Description: Like many industries reliant upon technology, the electrical test and measurement field has progressed in leaps and bounds since its early days. Safety testing equipment is no different; Hipot testers ...

Description: The Line Leakage test (LLT for short) is most often specified to be performed as a type test in a design or engineering laboratory or as a routine production line test on medical devices right before ...

Description: Krytar tests operation performance of detectors using an Automatic Network Analyzer which currently has the ability to measure performance of Krytar Detectors to 40 GHz. ...

Description: I/P transducers are versatile instruments that use an electrical control signal to proportionally regulate gas pressure. The most common application is in valve actuation, but they can also be used in ...

Description: When working with electrical safety test equipment, instruments that output potentially dangerous voltages and currents, it is always important to regular review and encourage safe testing techniques. ...

Description: Most manufacturers familiar with safety testing are well aware that a verification of the ground circuit on electrical products is necessary for safety agency compliance. In fact, verifying that the ...

Description: Performing a routine product safety test should not in itself represent a shock hazard to the operator who is conducting the test, yet anytime you are working with an energized circuit you must be ...

Description: New technology in itself doesn't always solve customer problems. The real challenge is to take the latest technology and find ways to use it in specific applications. With over 65 years of safety ...

Description: Manufacturers of heating elements, cable harnesses, and aerospace cables must commonly perform point to point continuity tests and hipot tests as part of their routine production line tests. The ...

Description: In order to ensure the electrical safety of any medical device, there are several tests that must be performed on each device before it can be shipped. In most cases these tests are required in order ...

Description: Line Leakage tests are commonly specified as a part of many product safety standards. This test is most often specified as engineering "type test" but may also be specified "routine production line ...